肺炎支原体导致小儿下呼吸道感染的临床特征分析  

Clinical Characteristics Analysis of Lower Respiratory Infection in Children Caused by Mycoplasma Pneumoniae

作　　者：李林祖[1] 黄诚花[1] 吕波[1] 梁秀琼[1] LI Lin-zu HUANG Cheng-hua LU Bo(Department of Pediatrics, The First People＇s Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, Guang- dong, 526020, Chin)

机构地区：[1]肇庆市第一人民医院儿科,广东肇庆526020

出　　处：《黑龙江医学》2016年第12期1114-1115,共2页Heilongjiang Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的针对由于肺炎支原体所导致的下呼吸道感染症状的儿童在临床当中体现出来的特征展开分析和总结。方法随机在2013-02—2016-02期间于儿科当中就诊的患有支原体肺炎的儿童当中择取80例,总结患儿的年龄情况、临床体征情况、胸扫结果、肺部功能、实验室检查等临床特征,并做以分析。结果在发生了肺炎支原体造成的下呼吸道感染的患儿当中,患儿性别上没有明显的差异。（1）年龄上,1岁~6岁的儿童比例最大,为58.75%（47/80）;（2）临床体征上,发生咳嗽的占97.5%（78/80）、发生异常发热的占80%（64/80）、发生喘息的占56.25%（45/80）,且婴幼儿出现喘息的概率明显高于年龄较大的患儿（P〈0.05）;（3）合并CP（即肺炎衣原体）感染的患儿占60%（48/80）、合并病毒感染的患儿占27.5%（22/80）;（4）经过肺功能检测,有85%（68/80）患儿发生了不同程度上的气道阻塞症状,且有36.25%（29/80）患儿存在气道高反应性的情况。结论由肺炎支原体造成的下呼吸道感染症状呈现出了非常显著的低龄化、且以异常发热、喘息、咳嗽等作为主要的临床特征,在合并感染的情况下,可能导致气道阻塞症状或者高反应性,需要临床医师加以重视。Objective To analyze and summarize the clinical characteristics of lower respiratory infection in children caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae. Methods 80 children with mycoplasma pneumonia random from February,2013 to February,2016 in the hospital were selected. The children＇s age,clinical signs,the chest sweep result,the lungs function,laboratory tests and other clinical features were summarized,and the analysis was done. Results Among children with lower respiratory infection caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae,there was no significant difference in gender.（ 1） Age,the proportion of children 1 to 6 years old had the largest ratio,58. 75%（ 47 /80）;（ 2）clinical signs,coughing accounted for 97. 5%（ 78 /80）,abnormal heat generation accounted for 80%（ 64 /80）,wheezing accounted for56. 25%（ 45 /80）,and the probability of infant wheezing was significantly higher than older children,P〈0. 05;（ 3） combined CP（ i. e.,Chlamydia pneumoniae） infection in children accounted for 60%（ 48 /80）,children with viral infections accounted for 27. 5%（ 22 /80）;（ 4） after pulmonary function tests,children with upper airway obstruction symptoms of varying degrees accounted for 85%（ 68 /80）,and there was 36. 25%（ 29 /80） children with the presence of airway hyperresponsiveness. Conclusion Lower respiratory infection in children caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae shows a very significant younger age trend,and abnormal heat,wheezing,coughing,etc are the main clinical features. In the case of co-infection,they may lead to airway obstruction symptoms or high reactivity. Clinical physicians should pay attention to it.

关 键 词：儿童 下呼吸道感染 肺炎支原体 临床特征 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]