提高航空电机用电刷寿命的试验研究——灰分对电机电刷磨损的影响  

Experiment on improving brush life of aviation motor——Influence of ash content on wear of motor brush

作　　者：潘永生[1] PAN Yong-sheng(Naval Air Station in Harbin,Harbin 150066,China)

机构地区：[1]海军驻哈尔滨地区航空军事代表室,哈尔滨150066

出　　处：《炭素》2016年第4期33-36,18,共5页Carbon

摘　　要：本文研究了一种在地面使用寿命长，高空磨损值小，适用于低电压高电流密度，高低温高速度，负荷变换大的航空用软质电刷。通过采用润滑性高，结晶度高的高温石墨化处理的精炼石墨粉及导电性导热性好的软金属银粉及真空中、高空中润滑性好的MoS，固体润滑剂而制备的高空和地面润滑性最好的软质石墨化电刷。为了使软质的电刷具有耐磨性，在电刷中加了灰分一碳以外的物质或叫杂质如SiC、SiO2、Fe2O3等作为磨料（研磨剂）来提高电刷的耐磨性。试验结果显示：在石墨粉一阶段料中加入占石墨粉重量比的0．3％～0．8％的细粒SiC可最佳的降低电刷的磨损值，提高电刷的使用寿命，增强了电刷使用的可靠性。在石墨粉一阶段料中加入4种颗较粗的按不同比列组合的占石墨粉重量的1．2％、1．0％、0．8％、SiO2、SiOxx、Fe2O3等破坏了润滑膜的动平衡，地面磨损值增大，高空试验磨损增大，甚至“粉尘化”磨损。In this paper, a kind of aviation soft brush with long service life on the ground and low voltage, high current density, high and low temperature high speed and load transformation is studied. The use of high lubricity, high crustallinity high- temperature graphitized graphite powder and the conductive good thermal conductivity of soft metal silver powder and high-air lubricity good MoS2 solid, lubricant prepared at high altitude and ground lubricating the best soft graphite brush. In order to impart a wear resistance to the soft brush, a substance other than ash-carbon or an impurity such as SiC,SiO2,Fe203 or the like is added as an abrasive to improve the abrasion resistance of the brush. The experimental results show that adding 0.3% - 0.8% of the fine particle SiC in the graphite powder can reduce the wear value of the brush, improve the service life of the brush, and enhance the use of the brush reliability. SiO2、SiOxx,Fe2O3 and so on destroyed the dynamic balance of the lubricating film, and the ground abrasion value was added to the first stage of the graphite powder by adding 1.2%,1.0%,and 0.8% of the weight of the graphite powder with different coarse particles, increase, high-altitude test wear value inereases and even ＂dust＂ wear.

关 键 词：精炼石墨粉 灰分 SiC 磨损值 润滑膜 氧化膜 

分 类 号：TQ165[化学工程—高温制品工业]