延安市中小学教师职业倦怠影响因素分析  

Analysis on influencing factors of job burnout among teachers in primary and secondary schools of Yan'an City

作　　者：张海霞[1] 张虎[1] 孙文刚[1] 薛宇强 ZHANG Hai-xia ZHANG Hu SUN Wen-gang XUE Yu-qiang(Department of Edncation Science in Yan~an University, Yan＇an Shaanxi,716000,China)

机构地区：[1]延安大学教育科学学院,陕西延安716000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2016年第24期3327-3331,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：延安市科学技术研究发展计划项目(2014zc-7)

摘　　要：目的了解当前中小学教师职业倦怠的影响因素。方法整群抽取延安市中小学教师670人,采用教师职业倦怠量表和教师职业倦怠影响因素问卷进行现场调查。结果初中和高中教师受到学生因素的影响其职业倦怠感显著高于小学教师（P=0.027,P=0.000）,高中教师受教学技能和教改因素的影响显著高于初中教师（P=0.005）;女教师受工作负荷的影响其职业倦怠感显著高于男教师（P=0.001）,男教师受人格因素的影响显著高于女教师（P=0.039）;10~20 a教龄的教师其职业倦怠受学生因素和工作负荷的影响显著高于教龄小于5 a的教师（P=0.005,P=0.011）;高级职称的教师受学生因素的影响显著高于初级职称的教师（P=0.014）,中级职称教师受工作负荷的影响显著高于初级职称教师（P=0.043）;在婚教师的职业倦怠受工作负荷和职业发展的影响显著高于不在婚教师,不在婚教师受人格因素的影响显著高于在婚教师。工作负荷、教师人格对教师情感衰竭有直接预测作用,学生因素、教改及安定感、工作负荷、人际关系对个人成就感有直接预测作用,学生因素和教学技能对非人性化有直接预测作用。结论工作负荷、职业发展、学生因素是教师职业倦怠的主原因。[Objective]To investigate the influencing factors of job burnout among teachers in primary and secondary schools.[Methods]670 teachers in primary and secondary schools were collected by the cluster sampling. The field investigation was performed by the burnout scale for teacher and influencing factors questionnaire.[Results]The job burnout degree influenced by student factor in junior and senior high school teachers was significantly higher than that in primary school teachers（P=0.027,P =0.000）.The job burnout degree influenced by teaching skills and teaching reform factor in senior high school teachers was significantly higher than that in junior high school teachers（P=0.005）. The job burnout degree influenced by workload in female teachers was significantly higher than that in male teachers（P=0.001）,and the burnout degree influenced by personality in male teachers was significantly higher than that in female teachers（P=0.039）. The job burnout degree influenced by student factor and workload in teachers with 10-20 working years was significantly higher than that in teachers whose working age was less than 5years（P =0.005,P =0.011）. The job burnout degree influenced by student factor in teachers with senior professional title was significantly higher than that in those with junior professional title（P =0.014）,and burnout degree influenced by workload in teachers with intermediate professional title was significantly higher than that in those with junior professional title（P=0.043）. The job burnout degree influenced by workload and career development in married teachers was significantly higher than that in unmarried teachers,and job burnout degree influenced by personality in unmarried teachers was significantly higher than that in married teachers. The workload and teachers＇ personality had direct prediction effect on teachers＇ emotional exhaustion. The student factor,teaching reform and sense of security,workload and interpersonal relationship had direct prediction effect on pers

关 键 词：工作负荷 职业倦怠 影响因素 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]