新疆和田地区棘球蚴病流行病学调查  

Epidemiological survey of echinococcosis in Hotan Region,Xinjiang

作　　者：艾德尔艾力.阿有甫 买买提江.吾买尔 伊斯拉音.乌斯曼 

机构地区：[1]新疆和田地区疾病预防控制中心,新疆和田848000 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心,乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2016年第6期28-31,共4页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

摘　　要：目的了解新疆和田地区棘球蚴病的流行范围和程度,为棘球蚴病防治提供依据。方法检查屠宰场屠宰的家畜脏器统计棘球蚴病感染率,采用腹部B超检查调查人群患病率,ELISA法检测6~12岁儿童血清棘球蚴病抗体并计算犬棘球绦虫成虫粪抗原阳性率。结果 B超检查19 428人,携带棘球蚴囊24人,患病率0.12%(24/19 428);检测6~12岁儿童8 014人,血清棘球蚴病抗体阳性率2.61%(209/8 014),男女抗体阳性率之比为1.07∶1(108/101),差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.57,P>0.05);11岁~年龄组抗体阳性率(4.17%)高于8岁^(2.72%,χ2=4.35)、9岁^(1.84%,χ2=15.19)、10岁^(2.40%,χ2=8.00)和12岁^(1.95%,χ2=13.40)年龄组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);家畜调查共检查羊6 244只、感染率3.30%(206/6 244),肝、肺及其他部位囊携带比例为97∶5∶1;共采集并检测犬粪1 401只(份),粪抗原阳性率2.36%(33/1 401)。结论和田地区棘球蚴病的感染率和患病率相对较低,但家畜感染率和犬粪抗原阳性率处在相对较高的水平,应加强防治,尤其在农(牧)区和城镇居民中开展卫生宣传教育工作是十分迫切需要的。Objective To understand prevalence of echinococcosis in Hotan region, Xingjiang, and provide basis for control and prevention of echinococcosis. Methods Organs of livestock in slaughterhouse were examined to calculate infection rate of echinococcosis. Incidence rate was investigated in people by B ultrasound scanning. Serum of children aged 6 to12 years was detected for antibody to echinococcosis with ELISA, and positive rate of coproantigen of dogs was calculated.Results By B ultrasound, 19 428 people were examined, 24 carrying hydatid cyst, with prevalence of 0.12%（24/19 428）. There were 8 014 children of 6-12 year-old examined, with positive rate of serum antibody to echinococcosis of 2.61%（209/8 014）. The ratio of the positive rate of antibody between men and women was 1.07∶1（108/101）, without statistical difference（χ2=0.57,P0.05）. The positive rate of antibody in age group of 11 years-（4.17%） was higher than that in age group of 8 years-（2.72%, χ2=4.35）, 9 years-（1.84%, χ2=15.19）, 10 years-（2.40%, χ2=8.00） and 12 years-（1.95%, χ2=13.40）, with statistical difference（all P〈0.05）. In livestock survey, 6 244 sheep were detected, with infection rate of 3.30%（206/6 244）. The ratio among liver, lung, and other parts was 97∶5∶1. Totally 1 401 samples of dog feces were collected and determined, with positive rate of coproantigen of 2.36%（33/1 401）. Conclusions The infection rate and morbidity of echinococcosis in Hotan region are low. But the infection rate of livestock and positive rate of coproantigen of the dogs keep high level. Prevention and control should be reinforced. Especially, propaganda and education are urgent in inhabitants in farming and pastoral area.

关 键 词：棘球蚴病/包虫病 流行病学调查 阳性率 

分 类 号：R532.32[医药卫生—内科学] R181.81[医药卫生—临床医学]