铟绵中铟锗镓的综合回收工艺  

Comprehensive Recovery of Indium,Germanium and Gallium from Indium Slag

作　　者：丁留亮 刘伟[1,2] 郭明宜[1,2] 杜新玲 李继文[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学材料科学与工程学院,河南济源459000 [2]河南科技大学河南省耐磨材料工程技术研究中心,河南洛阳471023 [3]济源职业技术学院,河南济源459000

出　　处：《河南科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第2期11-16,共6页Journal of Henan University of Science And Technology:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U1404511);河南省重点攻关基金项目(142102210044);济源市科技攻关基金项目(15012027)

摘　　要：采用"酸浸-萃铟-萃镓-沉锗"工艺,对铟绵中稀散金属铟锗镓进行了综合回收研究,并优化了各工序工艺参数。研究了在硫酸体系下,铟锗镓浸出率与浸出温度、浸出时间和硫酸初始质量浓度的关系,在浸出温度80℃、浸出时间80 min和硫酸初始质量浓度180 g/L时,铟锗镓浸出效果最好。以30%(体积分数)二-2-乙基己基磷酸(P204)+磺化煤油和10%(体积分数)P204+磺化煤油+1.5%(体积分数)C7-9异氧肟酸(YW100)为有机相,对铟和镓进行萃取,研究了相比(O/A)、混合时间和料液初始pH值对铟萃取率和镓萃取率的影响。研究结果表明:在最佳萃取条件下,即萃取铟相比O/A=1∶1、混合时间5 min和料液初始pH值为0.2时,铟的萃取率最高,为88.5%;萃取镓相比O/A=1∶1、混合时间3 min和料液初始pH值为0.5时,镓的萃取率最高,为77.2%。在单宁沉锗工序中探讨了沉淀温度、pH值、搅拌时间和单宁酸倍数对锗沉淀率的影响,得出沉锗的最佳工艺参数为:用20倍的单宁酸,在沉淀温度70℃、pH值为2.5的条件下搅拌10 min。The scattered rare metals( In,Ge and Ga) were comprehensively recovered from indium slag via a series of processes including acid leaching,the extraction of indium and gallium,and the precipitation of germanium. The optimum parameters were attained. The effects of leaching temperature,leaching time and initial mass fraction of sulfuric acid on the leaching rates of In,Ge and Ga were investigated. The leaching effects of In,Ge and Ga are optimal when the leaching temperature is 80 ℃,and the leaching time is 80 min,and the initial mass fraction of sulfuric acid is 180 g / L. In and Ga were extracted with the organic phase( 30%P204 + sulfonated kerosene) and the other one( 10% P204 + 1. 5% YW100 + sulfonated kerosene),respectively. The influences of the phase ratio O / A,mixing time and inctial acidity of feed liquid on the extraction rates of In and Ga were studied. The results show that the extraction rates of In and Ga are 88. 5%and 77. 2% respectively under each optimum extraction conditions,such as O / A at 1∶ 1,mixing time of 5 min,and the initial acid pH = 0. 2 for In,and O / A at 1∶ 1,mixing time of 3 min,pH = 0. 5 for Ga. The parameters of Ge precipitation temperature,pH value,stirring time and tannic acid ratio also had effects on the precipitation rate of Ge. The optimum parameters of Ge precipitation process are that the precipitation temperature is 70 ℃,and the value of pH is 2. 5,and the stirring time is 10 min and the tannins-to-germanium ratio is 20∶ 1.

关 键 词：铟绵 铟 锗 镓 综合回收 

分 类 号：TF111[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]