微生物菌剂对小麦生长及土传病害预防效果的影响  

Effects of Microbial Agents on Growth and Prevention of Soil Borne Diseases of Wheat

作　　者：常娜[1] 张雪娇[1] 马璐璐[1] 石晶晶[1] 贾薇[1] 齐永志[1] 尹宝重[1] 甄文超[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学植物保护学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《作物杂志》2017年第1期155-160,共6页Crops

基　　金：河北省科技计划项目(15226501D);河北省现代农业产业技术体系小麦创新团队建设项目(HBCT2013010-208);河北农业大学创新创业训练计划项目"瑞丰新型科技肥料"(1009031)

摘　　要：2015-2016年,通过田间小区试验研究微生物菌剂对土壤磷钾活化效果、小麦生长发育、产量及土传病害发生的影响。结果表明,与未施用微生物菌剂对照相比,河北省望都、辛集和献县试验田微生物菌剂处理均显著提高了小麦土壤速效磷和速效钾含量,微生物菌剂处理的土壤中速效磷含量分别提高37.2%、46.1%和83.5%;速效钾含量分别提高28.3%、18.5%和51.1%。微生物菌剂不仅可增加小麦株高、分蘖数和次生根数,还能提高小麦产量。望都、辛集和献县试验田微生物菌剂处理后的小麦产量分别为7 628.1、7 542.4和8 663.3kg/hm2,增产率分别为24.2%、7.7%和14.3%。在小麦成熟期,望都试验田微生物菌剂对纹枯病的防效为70.6%,辛集试验田微生物菌剂对根腐病的防效为56.7%,均与各自对照药剂防效相当;但在献县试验田,菌剂对全蚀病的防效为47.1%,显著低于对照药剂处理。From 2015 to 2016, the activation effect of microbial agents on the soil phosphorus, potassium, and its effect on the growth,development and yield of wheat, and the occurrence of soil-borne diseases were studied using field plot experiments. Results showed that the contents of available phosphorus after treated with microbial agents were significantly increased by 37.2%, 46.1% and 83.5%, respectively, in Wangdu, Xinji and Xian counties, and available potassium increased by 28.3%, 18.5% and 51.1%, respectively compared with control. Not only the wheat plant height, the tiller number and secondary root number were improved by the microbial agents, but also the yields （7 628.1, 7 542.4, and 8 663.3kg/hm2 in Wangdu, Xinji and Xian county, respectively） increased by 24.2%, 7.7% and 14.3%, respectively. The control effects of the agent were 70.6% on wheat sharp eyespot and 56.7% on wheat common rot, without significant difference with that of control fungicide. The control effect of take-all was 47.1% in Xian county, which was significantly lower than that of control fungicide.

关 键 词：微生物菌剂 小麦 速效磷 速效钾 土传病害 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S435.12