基于InVEST模型评估土地整治对生境质量的影响  

Evaluation on effect of land consolidation on habitat quality based on InVEST model

作　　者：钟莉娜[1,2] 王军[2] Zhong Lina Wang Jun(School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100035, China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)土地科学技术学院,北京100083 [2]国土资源部土地整治中心土地整治重点实验室,北京100035

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2017年第1期250-255,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41171152)

摘　　要：土地整治通过对土地资源及其利用方式再组织和再优化影响生境斑块之间物质流、能量流的循环过程,从而改变区域生境质量和分布格局。该文以大安市土地整治重大项目为例,采用InVEST模型分析了土地整治对生境质量的影响。研究表明:1)土地整治前(2008年)、整治中(2011年)、整治后(2014年),耕地、草地和盐碱地均为项目区的主要土地利用类型;2)土地整治后,大量的盐碱地和草地转变为耕地,耕地面积由整治前的14.43%上升到71.19%;3)土地整治中,项目区的生境质量得分由整治前的0.194下降到0.189,整治后又上升到0.214;4)土地整治工程改善了项目区的生境质量,但整治完成后生境质量改善效果经历了先下降后上升的过程,在整治完成3~4 a时,生境质量仅比整治前提高了0.06左右,整治完成4 a之后,生境质量开始逐渐好转。研究结果可为土地整治工作中的生境及生物多样性保护工作提供科学依据。Land consolidation is a process of re-organization and re-optimization of land resource and its utilization. The change of land resource and its utilization has a profound influence on the circulation process of material flow and energy flow between habitat patches, thus changing the quality and distribution pattern of the regional habitat. Da＇an City is located in the Songnen Plain, which is flat, and rich in cultivated land reserve resources and water resources, and is one of the most potential areas of agricultural development in China. This paper took the land consolidation major project area of Da＇an City as an example, and analyzed the influence of land consolidation on habitat quality based on the model of In VEST（integrated valuation of ecosystem services and tradeoffs）. The data used in the study was the 1：10000 land use map of the land consolidation project area in 2008, 2011 and 2014, which represented the time before, during and after the land consolidation. Based on the ArcG IS 10.0 software, the land use vector data were output as the raster data of 30 m × 30 m, which were used as the evaluation unit of the habitat quality of the project area. The results showed that： 1） Cultivated land, saline alkali land and grassland were the main land use types in the project area. After land consolidation, a large amount of saline alkali land was converted into arable land, and the proportion of arable land area in the total area of the project increased from 14.43% to 71.19%. The degree of landscape fragmentation was significantly decreased after land consolidation. 2） The overall habitat quality of Da＇an land consolidation project area was poor. The area of which the habitat quality score was between 0 and 0.1 accounted for 54.62%-72.03% of the land consolidation project area. The main reason for this phenomenon was that for the land use types whose habitat quality was higher, such as woodland and grassland, their areas were small and the distributions were dispersed; the areas of cultivate

关 键 词：土地利用 模型 土地整治 生境质量 影响 InVEST模型 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]