H型栽培架组合方式对光照及草莓生长和产量的影响  

Effect of different combinations of H-type cultivation frames on light and strawberry growth and yield

作　　者：王春玲[1,2] 宋卫堂[1,3] 赵淑梅[1,3] 曲明山[4] Wang Chungling Song Weitang Zhao Shumei Qu Mingshan(College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China College of Water Resources and Architeetural Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China Beijing Soil and Fertilizer Working Station, Beo＇ing 100029, China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京100083 [2]塔里木大学水利与建筑工程学院,阿拉尔843300 [3]农业部设施农业工程重点实验室,北京100083 [4]北京市农业局土肥工作站,北京100029

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2017年第2期234-239,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金："十二五"农村领域国家科技计划课题--植物工厂立体多层栽培系统及其关键技术与装备研究(2013AA103002);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-25-06B)

摘　　要：H型立体栽培架是目前在生产中应用较广的一种草莓立体栽培装置。针对草莓立体栽培过程中产生的遮光和植株生长不良等问题,该研究提出将两层和三层的H型栽培架进行不同组合,通过在日光温室中设置两层+两层(T1)、两层+三层交替(T2)、三层+三层(T3)的H型栽培架的3种布置组合方式,比较不同组合处理下草莓的光照环境、生长及产量的差异。结果表明:T1上、下层草莓的光照条件最佳,T2次之,T3最差;试验期内,T1上层的草莓达到光饱和点(light saturation point,LSP)的时间比T2增加了40.0%,并且T1上、下层草莓达到光补偿点(light compensation point,LCP)的时间分别比T2中两层栽培架的上、下层增加了9.3%和21.3%;T1处理草莓的生长状况最佳。T1的单元产量最高,为50.8 kg,分别比T2与T3的单元产量提高了2.8%和33.7%。因此,日光温室内H型栽培架以两层与两层相邻的布置方式较适合用于草莓的立体栽培,可在生产中推广应用。In the process of facility horticulture cultivation, the model of three-dimensional cultivation has been paid more and more attention. ＂H＂ type cultivation frame is widely used in stereo-cultivation of strawberry at present. In practical applications, growers choose the different layers of cultivation for planting. The most common arrangement of planting frame is two or three layers, which way can reduce the costs with higher yields and benefits, we do not know now. Therefore, an experiment aimed to select a better combination of cultivation frame was performed in this study. In this experiment, three combinations of ＂H＂ type cultivating shelves were set up, namely, two-layer frames arranged adjacently（T1）, two-layer frame and three-layer frame are alternately arranged（T2）, three-layer frames are arranged adjacently（T3）, to compare the light conditions, growth status and yield differences. The experiment was carried out in a solar greenhouse in Changping district of Beijing from August 2015 to April 2016. The length of the greenhouse is 100 m and the span is 8 m. Strawberry varieties is ＂Hong Yan＂, planting date was August 29, 2015. Photosynthetic photon flux density（PPFD） of strawberry canopy and growth index were measured during the trial. Growth index include strawberry plant height and leaf chlorophyll relative content（SPAD）, strawberry yield per plant, the number of fruits per plant, the average weight of fruit. Measured production time was three months. Results showed that under T1 treatment, the strawberries light conditions were the best of the upper and lower cultivars. During the experiment, the trend of light curves of the three cultivars in T2 and T3 were basically the same, but PPFD of the upper, middle and lower layers in T2 were higher than that in T3 corresponding position. During the experiment, the time length that light intensity at strawberry canopy reached light saturation point（LSP） of T2 upper layer was longer than that of T3 corresponding position; the t

关 键 词：日光温室 栽培 光照 H型栽培架 草莓 产量 

分 类 号：S625.1[农业科学—园艺学] S628