秸秆腐熟剂对秸秆还田稻田CH_4和N_2O排放的影响  

Effects of Straw Decomposing Inoculants on Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions in Paddy Fields Incorporated With Straw

作　　者：马煜春[1,2] 周伟[2,3] 刘翠英[1] 孙丽英[1] 杨波 郑向群 MA Yu-chun ZHOU Wei LIU Cui-ying SUN Li-ying YANG Bo ZHENG Xiang-qun(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Department of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Nanjing University of Information Science ＆ Technology, Nanjing 210044, China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China Changshu Agroecological Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业气象重点实验室/南京信息工程大学农业资源与环境系,江苏南京210044 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008 [3]中国科学院常熟农业生态试验站,江苏南京210008 [4]农业部环境保护科研检测所,天津300191

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2017年第2期159-165,共7页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金青年基金(BK20140990);土壤与农业可持续发展重点实验室开放课题(Y20160034);南京信息工程大学科研启动经费(2013x037)

摘　　要：采用静态暗箱-气相色谱法对太湖地区稻田生态系统甲烷(CH_4)和氧化亚氮(N_2O)排放进行田间原位观测,研究秸秆与秸秆腐熟剂(金葵子腐熟剂与宁粮腐熟剂)配施条件下秸秆还田稻田CH_4和N_2O的排放规律。结果表明,相对秸秆还田处理(S),配施秸秆腐熟剂处理(SJ和SN)提前出现CH_4排放峰值,而对N_2O排放的季节变化趋势无明显影响。秸秆配施金葵子腐熟剂处理(SJ)和宁粮腐熟剂处理(SN)CH_4累积排放量(以C计)分别为363和388 kg·hm^(-2),N_2O累积排放量(以N计)分别为0.18和0.20 kg·hm^(-2)。相对于S处理,添加腐熟剂处理CH_4累积排放量分别增加2.5%和9.6%,N_2O累积排放量分别减少33.3%和25.9%。同时,水稻产量分别增加7.5%和11.1%,温室气体排放强度(GHGI)分别减少5.1%和1.7%。该研究可为评估秸秆腐熟剂对秸秆还田稻田系统CH_4和N_2O排放的综合影响提供科学依据。In-situ monitoring of methane and nitrous oxide fluxes from rice fields was performed with the technique of static-chamber and gas chromatography in the Taihu Lake Region to investigate effects of ineorporation of straw and microbial decomposing inoculants on CH4 and N2O emissions from paddy fields. In the experiment, five treatments, i. e. no nitrogen applied （NN） , farmer＇s practice （FP） , even incorporation of wheat straw （S） , incorporation of wheat straw treated with Jinkuizi inoeulant （SJ）, and incorporation of wheat straw treated with Ningliang inoculant （SN）, were laid and carried out. Results show that Treatment S, Treatment SN and Treatment NJ advanced the occurrence of peak CH4 emission, but did not affect much the seasonal emission trend of N20; and the total emission of CH4 in Treatment SN and SJ during the rice growing season was 363 and 388 kg·hm^-2 and the total emission of N2O was 0. 18 and 0. 20 kg·hm^-2, respectively. Relative to Treatment S, Treatments SN and SJ increased the total CH4 emission during rice growing season by 2. 5% and 9. 6% and decreased the total N2O emission by 33. 3% and 25. 9%, respectively. However, relative to Treatment S, Treatment SJ increased rice yield by 7.5% and Treatment SN by 11. life, and Treatment SJ decreased greenhouse gas intensity （GHGI） by 5.1% and Treatment SN by 1.7%. All the findings of this study may provide certain scientific basis for evaluating the effect incorporation of straw and decomposing inoculants on CH4 and N2O emissions in paddy fields.

关 键 词：秸秆还田 腐熟剂 CH4排放 N2O排放 稻田 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X712