中国大陆流行的风疹病毒的变异变迁规律研究  

Dynamic Change in Variation of Rubella Viruses Circulating in China's Mainland

作　　者：朱贞[1] 蔡茹[2] 崔爱利[1] 张燕[1] 毛乃颖[1] 许松涛[1] 姬奕昕[1] 王慧玲[1] 张盛[1] 许文波[1,2] 吴宏伟[3] ZHU Zhen CAI Ru CUI Aili ZHANG Yan MAO Naiying XU Songtao JI Yixin WANG Huiling ZHANG Sheng XU Wenbo WU Hongweia(WHO WPRO Regional Reference Measles/Rubella Laboratory and Key Laboratory of Medical Virology Ministry of Health, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China Medicine College, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, J ilin 132013, China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所,卫生部医学病毒学和病毒病重点实验室,世界卫生组织西太平洋区麻疹/风疹参比实验室,北京102206 [2]安徽理工大学医学院,淮南232001 [3]北华大学附属医院,吉林132013

出　　处：《病毒学报》2017年第1期67-76,共10页Chinese Journal of Virology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(项目号:2016YFC1200905);题目:重要新发突发病原体应急处置方案与规范研究;国家自然科学基金课题(项目号:81101244);题目:我国流行风疹病毒的基因特征及其与疫苗株抗原性差异的研究;十二五国家科技重大专项(项目号:2013ZXl0004-202);题目:病毒性传染病病原谱流行规律及变异研究;国际合作课题(WPCHN1409379);题目:行使WHO西太区地区麻疹风疹参比实验室职能

摘　　要：从分子水平上探讨1999~2015年中国大陆流行的风疹病毒动态变异变迁规律。方法依据全国麻疹/风疹实验室网络的风疹病毒学监测数据,对1999~2015年中国流行风疹病毒进行分子进化分析。1999~2015年从全国29个省市(除新疆和西藏外)共获得风疹病毒株1737株,分属于4个基因型(1E,1F,2A和2B基因型):11E基因型风疹病毒自2001年首次分离到之后,替代1F基因型风疹病毒成为2001~2013年中国流行风疹病毒的优势基因型,并从年代上可分为两个进化分支[Cluster A(2004-2015)和Cluster B(2001-2009)],然而自2011年其检出比例逐渐下降,至2015年该比例仅为1.3%;21F基因型风疹病毒在地理上局限于中国,而在2002年之后未再监测到,推测其在中国的传播可能已被阻断;32A基因型风疹病毒株均来自于疫苗相关病例;42000~2015年间中国至少有4个不同的2B基因型风疹病毒传播链(Lineage1-4),2B基因型风疹病毒在2010年之前只有零星的流行,一直处于弱势,但自2011年输入型2B基因型风疹病毒(Lineage 3)的检出构成比逐年增高,并在2014~2015年成为中国流行风疹病毒的主要基因型。通过对中国连续16年风疹病毒变异变迁规律的研究,系统地掌握了其进化和流行规律,同时也为中国风疹控制和将来消除提供了重要的病毒学监测数据。We wished to study the dynamic change in variation of rubella viruses circulating during 1999- 2015 in China's Mainland at the molecular level. Molecular evolution of Chinese rubella viruses collected during 1999 - 2015 was analyzed according to a surveillance database of measles/rubella laboratory networks in China. A total of 1737 rubella viruses were obtained from 20 of 31 provinces （except Xinjiang and Tibet） during 1999-2015. Four genotypes （1E, 1F, 2A, 2B） were detected. The genotype-lE rubella virus was detected first in 2001. Subsequently, genotype 1E became the predominant genotype circulating during 2001-2013, and could be divided into two closely related clusters （A （2004-2015） and B （2001-2009））. However, the detection rate of the genotype-lE rubella virus decreased year-by year from 2011, and reached the lowest level （1.30//00） in 2015. The genotype-lF rubella virus was restricted geographically to China, and no longer found after 2002; presumably its circulation in China was interrupted. All genotype-2A rubella viruses were derived from vaccine-related cases. At least four genotypes of 2B rubella viruses （lineage 1 ~4） circulated in China's Mainland during 2000~2015. The genotype-2B rubella virus was detected sporadically and was in a weak position until 2010. However, the detection rate of imported genotype-2B rubella viruses （lineage 3） was increased and became the predominant genotype during 2014-2015. Through the study of 16 consecutive years in China's Mainland, the evolution and epidemic situation of the rubella virus was obtained to aid virology surveillance for rubella control in China.

关 键 词：风疹病毒 基因型 变异变迁规律 

分 类 号：R373.11[医药卫生—病原生物学]