收入流动性与我国居民长期收入不平等的动态变化:基于CHNS数据的分析  

Income Mobility and Dynamic Changes of China Households' Long-term Income Inequality:Based on the Data from CHNS

作　　者：刘志国[1] James Ma Liu Zhiguo James Ma(School of Economics, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023 ,China Business College, University of Corolado at Corolado Springs, Corolado Springs 80918, US)

机构地区：[1]南京财经大学经济学院,江苏南京210023 [2]美国科罗拉多大学斯普林斯校区商学院,科罗拉多斯普林斯80918

出　　处：《财经研究》2017年第2期60-69,133,共11页Journal of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金项目(15BJL090)

摘　　要：收入不平等是世界各国面临的共同难题。大多数文献在分析收入不平等时,通常是以年度截面收入为基础进行估算的,而如果考虑到收入流动性的存在,长期收入不平等程度将可能有所减小。文章的研究显示:根据CHNS提供的数据,通过居民收入5等分转换矩阵可以看出,由于收入流动性的存在,各收入层级长期收入所占份额较为接近,长期收入的基尼系数也大大低于年度平均值。文章还以Shorrocks平等化指数量化了收入流动性对长期收入不平等的影响,发现1989-2011年期间,收入流动性使以长期收入衡量的不平等程度降低了24.4%,但近年来,收入流动性出现了下降趋势,抑制了长期收入的平等化。由于收入流动性会影响到长期收入的不平等,因此建议通过深化改革公共政策和提高居民受教育程度来提高流动性,进而实现长期收入平等。Income inequality is a common problem which many countries are facing.In the analysis of income inequality, it is usually based on annual cross-sectional income data to estimate.And if the existence of income mobility is considered, long-term income ine- quality will be reduced somewhat.Based on the data provided by CHNS and five-equal-part conversion matrix of resident income, it argues that owing to income mobility, the long-term income shares of every income level are convergence in the long run, and the Gini coefficient of long-term income is much lower than average Gini coeffi- cient of annual income.Finally it measures the influence of income mobility on long-term income inequality by Shorrocks equalization index.During the period from 1989 to 2011, in- come mobility leads to the reduction in the inequality measured in terms of long-term in- come by 24.40%, but in recent years, income mobility experiences a downward trend, and inhibits the equalization of long-term income. Owing to the effect of income mobility on long-term income inequality, public policies should advance mobility through deepening the reform and increasing education level, to achieve the long-term income equality.

关 键 词：长期收入 收入流动性 Shorrocks平等化指数 

分 类 号：F046.4[经济管理—政治经济学]