合成生物学开关在代谢工程中的应用  

Application of Switch for Synthetic Biology in Metabolic Engineering

作　　者：庞庆霄 梁泉峰[1] 祁庆生[1] PANG Qing-xiao LIANG Quan-feng QI Qing-sheng(State Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Ji＇ nan 250100)

机构地区：[1]山东大学生命科学学院微生物技术国家重点实验室,济南250100

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2017年第1期58-63,共6页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家"973"项目子课题(2012CB725202);山东省科技发展计划项目(2015GSF121042)

摘　　要：在代谢工程研究领域中合成生物学开关主要用于调控基因的表达。传统的代谢工程改造主要通过敲除和过表达来改变特定基因的表达量。但基因敲除通常会导致菌体生长的下降。因此,我们需要适时的关闭和激活特定基因的表达。合成生物学开关就是解决这一问题的关键工具。目前,在代谢工程中常用的合成生物学开关有光控开关、温度诱导开关、拨动开关和核糖开关。其中,拨动开关和核糖开关在动态调节基因表达上拥有更大优势。介绍了代谢工程中常用的几种合成生物学开关,以及它们在代谢工程的应用。Translational switches for synthetic biology are mainly used to regulate gene expression in the field of metabolic engineeringresearch. Traditional metabolic engineering regulates the expression of specific genes by using knockout and overexpression. However,theknockout of genes usually leads to the decrease in growth,therefore,we need to close and activate the expression of specific gene at propertime,and translational switche for synthetic biology is the key tool to solve such issue. At present,light-controlled switch,temperatureinduced switch,toggle switch,and riboswitch are commonly used in metabolic engineering,of which the toggle switch and riboswitch presenta great advantage in the dynamic regulation of gene expression. In this paper,several kinds of translational switches for synthetic biology andtheir applications in metabolic engineering are reviewed.

关 键 词：合成生物学 基因表达调控 代谢工程 合成生物学开关 动态调控 

分 类 号：Q81[生物学—生物工程]