西方国家移民聚居区研究进展及启示  

PROGRESS ON IIMMIGRANT COMMUNITIES IN WESTERN COUNTRIESMMIGRANT AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR STUDIES IN CHINA

作　　者：周春山[1,2] 杨高[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广州510275 [2]中山大学广东省城市化与地理环境空间模拟重点实验室,广州510275

出　　处：《人文地理》2017年第1期1-8,36,共9页Human Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41271182)

摘　　要：西方国家对移民聚居区的研究可以追溯到20世纪初的美国"芝加哥学派",随后经历了同化主义、多元主义、异质本地化和跨国主义研究思潮,不仅拥有丰富的实证研究成果,而且形成了较为完整的理论体系和研究框架。总体上看,对移民聚居区的研究,区位选择方面经历了中心城区到郊区的演变,空间类型包括族裔飞地、族裔社区和族裔郊区,移民聚居区经济经历了单个案例到不同案例的对比研究,形成机制方面从民族团结理论转向不同作用者和空间生产理论,此外,西方移民聚居区还加强了反作用和空间效应的研究。本文在评述西方移民聚居区研究的基础上,结合国内移民聚居区研究现状,提出中国相关研究在研究视角、研究问题和研究方法的借鉴之处。Since twentieth Century, millions of immigrants were born with the tide of globalization. Immigra- tion research has become one of the most important research topics in western sociology, anthropology and geography. Geographical research is mainly concentrated in the immigrant community. The studies of immi- grant communities in western countries can be traced back to the early 20th century, ＂Chicago School＂ in the United States took the lead in research. Subsequently abroad studies have experienced four research para- digms, including assimilationism, pluralism, heterolocalism and transnationalism. The different research par- adigms are the product of historical background, which reflect the different characteristics of different peri- ods through out the whole development process of the immigrant community. In general, abroad studies pro- duced abundant research findings. The location choice of immigrant communities have experienced a evolu- tion which is from the central city to the suburbs. The space types of immigrant community can be conclud- ed into ethnic enclave, ethnic community and ethnoburb. There are differences among location choice, physi- cal space, social hierarchy, social network and ethnic economy. The research perspectives of formation mech- anism experienced a shifting from traditional ethnic solidarity to different players and production of space. The progress of production of space contain spatial practice, representations of space and representational spaces. The retroaction study mainly focused on personal capital, social capital, social integration, social mo- bility, and spatial assimilation. The spatial effect research analyzed the impaction on urban development and urban spatial structure from a larger scale. Comparatively, domestic research was relatively late, starting in the 90＇s of last century. In general, the contents of domestic research field witnessed a sustained expansion and evolvement, and the research methods are becoming increasingly more diversified.

关 键 词：移民 移民聚居区 社会空间 社会空 间辩证法 西方国家 

分 类 号：C912.81[经济管理]