两柱掩护式支架采场顶板灾害预警指标研究  

Study on the warning index of roof collapse in the two-pillar-shield support working face

作　　者：范志忠[1,2,3] 毛德兵[1,2] 齐庆新[2] 

机构地区：[1]天地科技股份有限公司开采设计事业部,北京100013 [2]煤炭科学研究总院开采设计研究分院,北京100013 [3]中国矿业大学(北京)资源与安全工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2017年第1期91-95,共5页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51304115;51474128);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0600708)

摘　　要：受高强度快速推进影响,采场支架外载处在一个剧烈的动态变化过程中,压架事故频发;基于压架事故特征和机理分析,研究了顶板合理作用点位置及大小与支架支撑能力的关系;然后基于四连杆结构运动规律并以掩护梁倾角、顶梁倾角为输入参量,结合支架固有结构参数研究得出活柱伸缩量、平衡千斤顶悬伸长度、顶梁掩护梁夹角等反映支架位态的关键指标;通过建立支架位态识别模型,根据位态的变化反演支架灾变前的荷载特征;据此特征,提出上述基于支架位态识别的3个压架预警指标(活柱伸缩量、顶梁和掩护梁倾角、合力作用点位置及大小),利用该预警指标对凯达矿等国内多个综采工作面支架荷载特征进行分析,验证了其合理性与科学性。Affected by the highly rapid advancement, the external load on support is in the dynamic changing process, thus support collapse accidents happen frequently. Through the analysis of the acci- dent characteristic and its mechanism, the reasonable point of application in the roof and its size related to the support capacity was explored. Based on the sports law of four connecting rod structure, with the shield beam angle and beam angle as the input parameters, and combining the inherent structure pa- rameters of support, the movable column expansion amount, the stretch of the balance jack, and the top beam shield beam angle were obtained, which were the key indicators reflecting the support state. Through the establishment of the state identification model, the load characteristic and support effi- ciency before support disaster was reversed. According to these characteristics, three warning indicators of support collapse accidents in working face were put forward. Many working faces with large mining height were analyzed with these indicators, and the rationality and the scientific nature are verified.

关 键 词：位态识别 综采 压架事故 预警指标 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]