新型W-OH材料对崩积体土壤分离速率的影响  

Impact of W-OH on Soil Detachment Rate of Colluvial Deposits in Collapsing Hill

作　　者：祝亚云[1,2] 曹龙熹[1] 吴智仁[3] 陈冲[1] 梁音[1] ZHU Yayun CAO Longxi WU Zhiren CHEN Chong LIANG Yin(Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所),南京210008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]江苏大学环境与安全工程学院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《土壤学报》2017年第1期73-80,共8页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD15B0302)资助~~

摘　　要：崩岗崩积体土壤颗粒容易脱离母体而发生侵蚀,而新型亲水性聚氨酯材料(W-OH)能有效增加土壤颗粒之间的粘结力,从而抑制侵蚀的发生。为此,通过变坡式水槽实验,研究不同浓度的W-OH材料(2.0%、3.0%、4.0%、5.0%)对崩岗崩积体土壤分离速率的影响。结果表明:W-OH材料能够显著降低崩积体土壤的分离速率,土壤分离速率的大小随W-OH浓度的升高而降低;由于固结表层的存在,W-OH材料显著改变了表层土壤的侵蚀过程,使得土壤分离速率与坡度、水流剪切力、水流功率等参数之间的函数关系相对于对照发生了改变,并且表层土壤发生分离的临界水流剪切力也得到了提升。【Objective】Collapse of hills is a form of soil erosion widely distributed in South China. It occurs mainly in denudated granite hilly areas where vegetation has been destroyed. The collapses threaten the security of farmlands and residents, and cause huge economic losses. A typical collapsing hill contains five parts, that is, catchment slope, collapsed wall, colluvial deposits, gullies and alluvial fan. Colluvial deposits are poor in soil structure, posing the main source of erosion sediment in collapsing hills, weak in erosion resistance and very susceptible to runoff scouring. The traditional method of managing collapsing hills combines land leveling and planting of trees and grass. However, the method per disturbs the soil and besides, the benefits of revegetation come into being slowly. Soil particles in colluvial deposits are readily detachable with surface runoff. Now a new type of hydrophilic polyurethane, called W-OH, is available and good to intensify the cohesive force of soil particles between each other, and hence can be used to make up the weakness of the traditional method. 【Method】In this study a slope flume experiment was carried out to analyze effect of W-OH on soil detachment rate of colluvial deposits. The experiment was designed to have four W-OH concentrations, i.e. 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, five slope gradients, i.e.8.8%, 17.6%, 26.8%, 36.4% and 46.6% and three flow rates, i.e.1.0 L s-1, 2.0 L s-1 and 3.0 L s-1. The slope flume had a chamber to hold soil samples. Before the experiment, the soil samples were soaked in water for 12 hours to make the samples saturated and in the process of soaking, the water surface was kept slightly lower than the upper surface of the ring-knife. Slope gradient of the flume was regulated with a pulley system and water flow with a group of valves. Before the scouring process started, soil moisture content of the samples was measured, and soil detachment rate was calculated out of the difference between the soil samples before and after the experiment in dry weig

关 键 词：崩岗 W-OH材料 土壤分离 水力参数 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学]