京郊奶牛场奶牛福利与养殖状况调研报告——牛场存栏量、年产奶量、牛舍类型、犊牛饲养设施与饲养方式  

Study Report on Dairy Welfare and Health Feeding in Beijing:Investigation on Breeding Stock, Annual Milk Yield, Cowshed Type, Calves Breeding Facilities and Rearing System

作　　者：顾宪红[1] 陈健[1] 何祥波[1] 李淦[1] 彭丹丹[1] GU Xian-hong CHEN Jian HE Xiang-bo LI Gan PENG Dan-dan(State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2017年第1期12-15,共4页China Dairy Cattle

基　　金：奶牛产业技术体系北京市创新团队项目(BAIC06-2016);国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFD0500507);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(ASTIP-IAS07)

摘　　要：为考察北京市郊奶牛场环境调控能力、牛群福利状态,本次专项调研收集了来自密云、大兴、昌平、延庆、顺义、房山6个区的62家存栏量在100头以上的规模化奶牛场数据。分析了调研牛场的存栏量、年产奶量、牛舍类型、犊牛饲养设施与饲养方式及其随牛场规模的变化情况。结果得出:1新生犊牛饲养设施配置、哺乳期犊牛饲养方式、年平均产奶量与牛场规模有关,牛场养殖规模越大,新生犊牛和哺乳期犊牛饲养设施配置率越高,奶牛年平均产奶量越高;2成乳牛舍、青年牛舍、育成牛舍以开放式和半开放式牛舍为主,断奶期犊牛以无床位大圈大群饲养为主,不受牛场养殖规模影响。In order to examine the environmental regulation and control ability, health and welfare condition of dairy cow in Beijing, an investigation was carried out. Sixty two dairy farms were investigated, of which the breeding stock was more than 100 head and from 6 counties and districts of Miyun, Daxing, Changping, Yanqing, Shunyi and Fangshan. Investigative items included breeding stock, annual milk yield, cowshed type, calves breeding facilities, rearing systems and their change with dairy farm scale. It is concluded that： ①the breeding facilities configuration for newly born calves, rearing systems of suckling calves, as well as the annual average milk production are related to dairy farm scale, and the greater the farming scale, the higher configuration rate of the breeding tacilities for newly born calves and suckling calves, the higher the annual average milk yield; ②Open or half open cowsheds are dominated in lactating cow and youth cattle, whereas the group breeding for weaned calves is priority and independence from farm scale.

关 键 词：存栏量 年平均产奶量 牛舍类型 犊牛饲养设施 奶牛 

分 类 号：S823.4[农业科学—畜牧学]