反思我国的农产品价格支持和直接补贴制度  

Reflections on the Systems of Price Support and Direct Subsidy for Agricultural Products in China

作　　者：单冰[1] SHAN Bing(Department of Finance and Tade, Zhengzhou Shengda Management Institute of Economics and Trade, Zhengzhou 451191, China)

机构地区：[1]郑州升达经贸管理学院金融贸易系,河南郑州451191

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2017年第1期46-50,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University:SOC.SCI.

摘　　要：2004年,我国着手调整城乡关系和工农关系,陆续启动了对农产品的价格支持和对农民的直接补贴制度,极大调动了农民生产的积极性。粮食产量和农民收入逐年提高,粮食市场稳定和农业生产方式得以转变。但是,由于认识的局限、农业形势的变化和制度设计的疏漏,农产品支持制度的运行偏离了设计的初衷,影响了农业支持政策的效果。因而,应根据农产品供求关系变化的新形势,把农产品支持政策的目标定位为保护农业生态资源、增强可持续发展能力和增强农业竞争力,并针对农业支持政策的弊端,推进农业补贴由激励性补贴向功能性补贴转变,完善农产品最低价格和农机补贴制度。In 2004, China started to adjust the relationships between urban and rural areas and between workers and peasants, and successively launched the price support sy,stem for agricultural products and direct subsidy system for peasants, greatly arousing peasants＇ enthusiasm in agricultural production, both grain yield and peasants＇ incomes increasing year by year, stabilizing grain market and transforming agricultural production mode. However, due to limitedness of recognition, change of agricultural situation and imperfection in system design, operation of the systems deviated from original intention, influencing the effectiveness of agricultural supportive policies. Therefore, the goal of agricultural supportive policies should be centered on protecting agricultural ecological resources and improving sustainable development capacity and agricultural competitiveness according to the new situation of supply-demand relationship of agricultural products. Moreover, aiming at the defects of agricultural supportive policies it is also necessary to accelerate the transformation of agricultural subsidies from the incentive type to a functional one, and perfect the low price system for agricultural products and the subsidy system for agricultural machinery.

关 键 词：最低价格 直接补贴 农业支持保护补贴 保护性收购 

分 类 号：F323.7[经济管理—产业经济]