滨海农区微咸水-淡水交替灌溉对土壤EC和入渗的影响  

Effect of alternative irrigation with brackish and fresh water on soil electrical conductivity and infiltration in coastal farming areas

作　　者：朱成立[1,2] 刘宗潇 翟亚明[1,2] 郑君玉[2] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学南方地区高效灌排与农业水土环境教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [2]河海大学水利水电学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2017年第1期154-160,共7页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(51409086);江苏省科学技术厅项目(BK20130838)~~

摘　　要：以玉米为载体,取滨海农区土壤开展温室避雨盆栽试验,采用矿化度为0.2 g/L的自来水配置NaCl溶液,设置了3种(NaCl,分析纯)矿化度水平(1 g/L,3 g/L,5 g/L)和3种微咸水-淡水交替灌溉方式("咸淡淡","淡咸淡","淡淡咸"),研究灌水矿化度和微咸水-淡水交替灌溉方式对试验土壤EC及入渗的影响。结果表明:灌水矿化度对土壤EC值有显著影响,EC值随着矿化度和土层深度的增加而增加;同一土层深度、相同矿化度、不同微咸水-淡水交替灌溉方式,土壤EC值表现为"咸淡淡"<"淡咸淡"<"淡淡咸"。同时土壤的累积入渗量和稳定入渗率均有随矿化度增加而增大的特性;灌水矿化度差异显著影响土壤稳定入渗率,土壤稳定入渗率随灌水矿化度增加而增大;而同一矿化度、不同微咸水-淡水交替灌溉方式处理下,土壤的稳定入渗率差异不大。本实验研究成果可为滨海农区微咸水安全利用与农业可持续发展提供科学依据。Pot experiments with corn and coastal agricultural soils were conducted in a greenhouse without exposition to rainfall. Salinity of 0.2 g/L tap water and NaCl solution were used to set up three salinity levels （i.e., 1, 3, and 5 g/L） of saline water. Three types of alternative irrigation modes （＂brackish water-fresh water-fresh water＂, ＂fresh water -brackish water-fresh water＂, and ＂fresh water-fresh water-brackish water＂） were used to study the effect of water salinity and irrigation mode on soil electrical conductivity （EC） value and infiltration. The result showed that salinity had a significant influence on soil EC value, and EC value increased with the increase of salinity and soil depth. Soil EC value ranked in the order of ＂brackish water-fresh water-fresh water＂〈＂fresh water-brackish water-fresh water＂〈＂fresh water-fresh water-brackish water＂ in terms of alternative irrigation mode. Accumulative soil infiltration amount and stable infiltration rate also increased with the increase of salinity. Soil stable infiltration rate increased with enhanced salinity levels, whereas it was similar under different types of alternative irrigation modes. These results provide scientific basis for the security of brackish water use and agricultural sustainable development in coastal agriculture.

关 键 词：微咸水灌溉 矿化度 灌水方式 EC值 累积入渗量 稳定入渗率 

分 类 号：S278[农业科学—农业水土工程]