不同地膜覆盖对春玉米生长发育及水分利用效率的影响  

Effects of different film mulching on growth traits and water use efficiency for spring maize

作　　者：胡敏[1] 苗庆丰[2] 史海滨[2] 于庆峰[1] HU Min MIAO Qingfeng SHI Haibin YU Qingfeng(Vocational and Technical College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Baotou 014109, China Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学职业技术学院,包头014109 [2]内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2017年第2期173-177,共5页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划重点项目(2011BAD29B03);国家自然科学基金(51209114);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2012MS0303);内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目(NJZY12088)资助

摘　　要：为研究不同类型地膜覆盖在河套灌区农业生产中的适用性,同时筛选出适宜灌区玉米种植的地膜覆盖类型。试验设置普通地膜、生物地膜、液态地膜和不覆膜4个处理,研究了不同覆盖处理对玉米出苗率、生长状况、产量及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:生物地膜覆盖条件下各指标与普通地膜覆盖差异性不显著(P>0.05),但出苗率平均较液态地膜和不覆膜处理高7.65%和8.24%,差异性达到显著或极显著水平。生物地膜覆盖玉米地上部干物质累积量、株高和叶面积指数均显著高于液态地膜和不覆膜处理(P<0.05),且在玉米生育前、中期差异性更为显著。生物地膜覆盖玉米产量平均较液态地膜和不覆膜处理高12.63%和14.69%,水分利用效率高13.55%和20.47%,差异性显著(P<0.05)。综合分析,河套灌区春玉米种植适宜采用生物地膜覆盖的方式。Wi duction, also dinary film, b th the objective to figure out the availability of different types of film mulching in agricultural proselect the suitable types of film mulching for Hetao Irrigation District, four treatments including oriodegradable film ,liquid film and non film were used to compare the effects of different film mulching treatments on maize seeding emergence rate, growth status, yield and water use efficiency. The results show that no significant difference were observed between biodegradable film and ordinary film for each index （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. However, the average seeding emergence rate for biodegradable film are 7.65% and 8.24% higher than the liquid film and non film treatment, reach a significant or large significant level. Maize dry matter accumulation of above ground part, plant height and leaf area index are remarkably higher than liquid film and non film treatment （ P 〈 0.05 ）, and the difference is more significant in the early and middle stage of maize growth. The maize yield of biodegradable film are increased 12.63% and 14.69%, the water use efficiency are enlarged by 22.18% and 22.56% than liquid film and non film treatment, separately, and the difference is significant （P 〈 0.05 ）. Comprehensive analysis , it is suitable for the cultivation of spring maize in the way of biodegradable film mulching in Hetao Irrigation District.

关 键 词：地膜覆盖 出苗率 干物质累积 株高 叶面积指数 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S152.8