30个重要小麦生产品种抗叶锈性基因分析  

Analysis of Wheat Leaf Rust Resistance Genes in 30 Important Wheat Cultivars

作　　者：闫晓翠[1] 李在峰[2] 杨华丽[1] 张换换[1] Gebrewahid Takele Weldu 姚占军[1] 刘大群[2] 周悦[3] YAN XiaoCui LI ZaiFeng YANG HuaLi ZHANG HuanHuan GEBREWAHID Takele Weldu YAO ZhanJun LIU DaQun ZHOU Yue(College of Agronomy, Agricultural University of Hebei/North China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Baoding 071001, Hebei College of Plant Protection, Agricultural University of Hebei/Biological Control Center for Plant Disease Pests of Hebei Province, Baoding 071001, Hebei Department of Biochemistry, Baoding University, Baoding 071001, Hebei)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学农学院/华北作物种质资源研究与利用教育部重点实验室,河北保定071001 [2]河北农业大学植物保护学院/河北省农作物病虫害生物防治工程技术研究中心,河北保定071001 [3]保定学院生物化学系,河北保定071001

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2017年第2期272-285,共14页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31361140367;31571662);河北省应用基础研究计划重点基础研究项目(11960145D);河北省高等学校自然科学研究项目(QN2016316)

摘　　要：【目的】小麦叶锈病是影响中国小麦产量的重要病害之一,培育持久抗病品种可以经济、有效地控制该病害。论文通过基因推导结合系谱分析、分子标记及成株抗病鉴定对小麦生产品种中抗病基因进行鉴定,从而确定小麦品种中所携带的抗病基因。【方法】选用18个小麦叶锈菌菌系(PHGQ、THJT、PHJT、KHJS、PHJS、THTT?、KHHT、FHRT、FHJQ、PHTT、THTT?、PHTT、FHTR、FHHT?、FHHT?、TGGT、FHTT、FGMT)接种36个已知抗叶锈病基因载体品种和中国的30个小麦生产品种进行苗期抗叶锈病基因推导,进一步利用9个与已知抗病基因紧密连锁的特异性标记进行标记检测,同时系谱分析法确定供试小麦品种中所携带的已知抗叶锈病基因。为了鉴定小麦品种的成株抗性基因,在2014—2015和2015—2016年度将30个小麦品种、慢锈对照品种SAAR和感病对照品种郑州5389种植于河北农业大学小麦试验田和河南周口黄泛区农场试验田,田间用混合生理小种(FHRT、THTT、THJT)接种进行成株抗叶锈性鉴定,进一步运用软件IBM SPSS Statistics 19.0进行方差分析(ANOVA),根据苗期与成株期的侵染型排除具有主效抗性基因的品种,将田间最终严重度(当达到发病高峰时调查的严重度为最终严重度,final disease severity,FDS)明显小于或与慢锈对照SAAR无显著差异的作为慢锈品种,从而筛选出表现慢锈的小麦品种。【结果】基因推导、系谱分析结合标记检测结果表明,30个小麦生产品种中有4个品种(鄂恩5号、鄂麦14、陕229和西农979)含有抗病基因Lr1,10个品种(鄂恩1号、鄂恩5号、鄂恩6号、贵农16、陕225、陕354、陕715、陕合6号、陕麦509和陕农7859)携带有抗病基因Lr26,2个品种(陕225和小偃81)经分子标记检测含有慢锈抗病基因Lr46,另外还有3个品种(西农979、陕229和贵农16)可能含有基因Lr13,所有供试品种均不含Lr9、Lr10、Lr19、Lr20、Lr24和Lr34抗病基因�【Objective】Leaf rust is an important wheat disease and it has a great influence on wheat yield. Breeding durable resistant cultivars can economically and effectively control the disease. The objective of this study is to identify leaf rust resistance genes in 30 wheat cultivars from China by gene postulation, molecular marker-assisted selection, adult plant resistance identification and pedigree analysis.【Method】The cultivars were tested for seedling responses in the greenhouse to 18 Puccinia triticina pathotypes （PHGQ, THJT, PHJT, KHJS, PHJS, THTT？, KHHT, FHRT, FHJQ, PHTT, THTT？, PHTT, FHTR, FHHT？, FHHT？, TGGT, FHTT, FGMT） and to a mixed pathotypes （FHRT, THTT, THJT） for slow leaf rusting resistance in the field in 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 cropping seasons in Zhoukou, Henan Province and Baoding, Hebei Province. CIMMYT line SAAR, with typical slow rusting resistance and Zhengzhou 5389, a highly susceptible line were used as slow rusting and susceptible checks, respectively. Differential sets containing 36 near-isogenic lines （NILs） in a background of Thatcher with known leaf rust resistance genes were used to compare the infection types of the cultivars at seedling stage. The software IBM SPSS Statistics 19.0 was used for analysis of variance （ANOVA） and for determining least standard deviations （LSDs） for comparing the FDS （the final diseases severity） among the wheat cultivars. Cultivars which were susceptible to the mixed pathotypes and had lower or non-significantly higher values of FDS than those of the slow rusting check in field trials were considered to be slow rusting cultivars.【Result】Gene postulation combined with pedigree analysis, and markers detection results showed that four cultivars, viz. Een 5, Emai 14, Shaan 229, and Xinong 979 contained Lr1; 10 cultivars （Een 1, Een 5, Een 6, Guinong 16, Shaan 225, Shaan 354, Shaan 715, Shaanhe 6, Shaanmai 509 and Shaannong 7859） carried Lr26, two cultivars （Shaan 225 and Xiaoyan 81） contained slow rust resist

关 键 词：小麦叶锈病 基因推导 成株抗病鉴定 分子标记辅助选择 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]