汕头市社区中老年人骨质疏松症患病情况及影响因素研究  被引量:16

Prevalence and influence factors of osteoporosis in middle aged and elderly people in Shantou city

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作  者:李晓莲[1] 李华[2] 张庆英[3] 陈佳丽[1] 董文亚[3] 伍艳春[1] 谭晓霞[4] 陈施晓 杨梓熔 郑周德 李林芬[6] 皮富华[5] 

机构地区:[1]汕头大学医学院第一附属医院骨二科,515041 [2]云南省玉溪师范学院体育系,653100 [3]汕头大学医学院公共卫生与预防医学教研室,515041 [4]汕头大学医学院公共卫生与预防医学教研室2013级,515041 [5]汕头大学医学院体育教研室,515041 [6]汕头大学医学院第二附属医院药物临床试验机构,515041

出  处:《中国医药》2017年第2期271-275,共5页China Medicine

基  金:广东省省级科技计划(20138021800264);广东省汕头市重点科技计划(汕府科[2011]46号).

摘  要:目的了解汕头市中老年人骨质疏松症的患病情况及影响因素,为骨质疏松症的预防干预提供依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法,于2016年3-5月抽取汕头市中泰、华坞、同益、平原4个社区40岁及以上常住居民共500人,采用超声骨密度仪检测右足跟骨骨密度,并测量身高、体质量、血压、腰围、臀围。采用问卷调查方法收集调查对象生活方式及饮食习惯等流行病学资料,分析骨质疏松症患病情况及影响因素。结果共获得有效调查对象483人。骨质疏松症总患病率为38.9%(188/483),其中女性为41.8%(160/383),男性为28.0%(28/100)。483名调查对象骨密度平均T值为(-2.06±1.03),其中女性为(-2.14±1.05),男性为(-1.78±0.92),女性低于男性,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.01)。多因素分析显示,年龄(比值比=1.054,95%置信区间:1.022—1.087,P=0.001)、多人共同生活(比值比=2.618,95%置信区间:1.236-5.545,P=0.012)、初潮年龄(比值比=1.316,95%置信区间:1.008-1.719,P=0.043)、绝经(比值比=2.920,95%置信区间:1.071-7.959,P=0.036)、饮茶(比值比:3.530,95%置信区间:1.121-11.116,P=0.031)为女性骨质疏松症患病的危险因素;文化程度(比值比=0.322,95%置信区间:0.106-0.980,P=0.046)、体重指数(比值比=0.906,95%置信区间:0.825—0.995,P=0.040)、饮牛奶(比值比:0.618,95%置信区间:0.400-0.956,P=0.031)为保护性因素。结论汕头市居民的骨质疏松症患病率较高,尤其是高龄、多人共同生活、饮茶、初潮年龄晚和绝经后对女性骨质疏松症影响较大。应加强健康教育,提倡增加户外活动时间,保持健康的体质量和良好的饮食习惯,预防和延缓骨质疏松症的发生。Objective To investigate the prevalence and influence factors of osteoporosis in middle aged and elderly people in Shantou city. Methods A total of 500 inhabitants over 40 years old were enrolled from Zhongtai, Huawu, Tongyi and Pingyuan community in Shantou city by cluster sampling from March to May 2016. Bone density of right calcaneal was oletected by ultrasound bone densitometer; height, weight, blood pressure,waistline and hipline were measured; lifestyle and dietary habits were collected according to questionnaire survey. Influence factors of osteoporosis were analyzed. Results A total of 483 participants were finally available. The prevalence rate of osteoporosis was 38.9% ( 188/483 ) in all and 41. 8% ( 160/383 ) in female and 28.0% (28/100)in male. The bone density T value was ( -2.06 ± 1.03) in all; the bone density T value in female was significantly lower than that in male [ ( - 2.14± 1.05 ) vs ( - 1.78 ± 0.92 ) ] ( P 〈 0.01 ). Age ( odds ratio = 1. 054, 95% confidence interval: 1. 022-1. 087, P = 0. 001 ), living with family ( odds ratio = 2. 618, 95% confidence interval: 1. 236-5. 545, P = 0. 012), menarche age (odds ratio = 1. 316, 95% confidence interval: 1. 008-1. 719, P = 0. 043), menopause ( odds ratio = 2. 920, 95% confidence interval: 1. 071-7. 959, P = 0.036) and drinking tea( odds ratio = 3. 530, 95% confidence interval: 1. 121-11.116, P = 0.031 ) were risk factors of osteoporosis in female. Education degree(odds ratio = 0. 322, 95% confidence interval: 0. 106-0. 980, P =0. 046) , body mass index( odds ratio = 0. 906, 95% confidence interval: 0. 825-0. 995, P = 0. 040) and drinking milk( odds ratio -0. 618, 95% confidence interval: 0. 400-0. 956, P=0. 031 ) were protective factors of osteoporosis. Conclusions Middle age and elderly residents in Shantou city have high a prevalence of osteoporosis. Advanced age, living with family, drinking tea, late menarche age and menopause increase the risk of osteoporosis in

关 键 词:骨质疏松 骨密度 流行病学 健康教育 

分 类 号:R681[医药卫生—骨科学]

 

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