温州市PM_(2.5)中水溶性离子污染特征及来源分析  

Characteristics and sources apportionment of water-soluble ions in PM_(2.5) of Wenzhou,Zhejiang Province

作　　者：葛琳琳[1] 郑元铸 涂圣锋 朱京科[3] 王俏丽[4] 王向前[3] 李素静[3] 李伟[1,3] GE Linlin ZHENG Yuanzhu TU Shengfeng ZHU Jingke WANG Qiaoli WANG Xiangqian LI Sujing LI Wei(Institute of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China Wenzhou Environmental Monitoring Center, Wenzhou 325003, China Biomass Chemical Industry Ministry of Education Key Laboratory, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China Institute of Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境工程研究所,浙江杭州310058 [2]温州市环境监测中心站,浙江温州325003 [3]浙江大学生物质化工教育部重点实验室工业生态与环境研究所,浙江杭州310027 [4]浙江大学热能工程研究所,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（理学版）》2017年第1期112-120,共9页Journal of Zhejiang University（Science Edition）

摘　　要：2015年1~12月在温州市区采集448个PM_(2.5)样品,采用离子色谱法分析PM_(2.5)中9种水溶性离子(SO_4^(2-)、NO_3^-、NH_4^+、Cl^-、Na^+、K^+、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)和F^-)的浓度,研究其污染特征、化学组分和来源.采样期间9种水溶性离子总浓度为39.97μg·m^(-3),SO_4^(2-)、NO_3^-和NH_4^+占所测水溶性离子总量的(40.19±10.04)%.离子总浓度的季节变化特征为冬季>春季>秋季>夏季,从空间分布上看,多数季节市站采样点PM_(2.5)中离子总浓度低于南浦、龙湾和瓯海采样点.相关性分析结果显示,PM_(2.5)值与NH_4^+、Ca^(2+)、Na^+、K^+、Cl^-、NO_3^-、SO_4^(2-)浓度显著相关,PM_(2.5)中SO_4^(2-)和NH_4^+的主要结合方式为(NH_4)_2SO_4.硫氧化速率(SOR)和氮氧化速率(NOR)的年均值分别为0.44±0.09和0.13±0.04,表明温州市PM_(2.5)中SO_4^(2-)和NO_3^-主要由二次转化形成.主成分分析结果表明,温州市PM_(2.5)中水溶性离子主要来源于燃煤(火力发电和工业燃煤)、生物质燃烧、机动车尾气以及道路和建筑扬尘.We collected 448 samples of PM2.5 at urban area of Wenzhou from January to December, 2015. Water-sol- uble ionic constituents（SO4^2- , NO3- , NH4＋ , Cl- , Na＋ , K＋ , Ca2＋ , Mg2＋ and F-）associated to PM2.5 were detected by Ion Chromatogram （IC）, chemical composition, variation characteristics, as well as the source apportionment were analyzed. The average mass concentration of the 9 ions was found to be 39.97 μg · m-3. Secondary inorganic species SO4^2- ,NO3- and NH＋were the major components of water-soluble ions in PM2. 5, with a contribution of （40.19±10.04） %. The order of total ions concentration was winter 〉 spring 〉 autumn 〉 summer, showing obvious seasonal variations, and from the space, the concentrations of PMz. 5-bound water-soluble ions were lower in Shizhan in most of the seasons. The results of correlation analysis showed that PM2.5 and NH4＋ .Ca2＋ .Na＋ .K＋ , Cl-、NO3-.SO4^2- had a significant negative correlation, and most of SO4%2- and NH4＋ existed as （NH4）2SO4 in Wenzhou city. In addition, the sulfate oxidizing rate （SOR） and nitrate oxidizing rate （NOR） were （0.44±0.09） and （0.13±0.04）, respectively. It indicated that SO4^2- and NO3- in PM2.5 were resulted by the secondary transformation. Principal component analysis （PCA） results suggested that water-soluble inorganic ions in PM2.5 mainly came from coal combustion （thermal power generation and coal-fired industry）, biomass combustion, vehicle exhaust emission, road and construction dust.

关 键 词：温州 PM2.5 水溶性离子 污染特征 源解析 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]