民法典编纂中的立法语言规范化  

The Standardization of Legislative Language in the Compilation of the Civil Code

作　　者：朱涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆邮电大学法学院

出　　处：《中国法学》2017年第1期230-248,共19页China Legal Science

摘　　要：从表达上的需要、使用的普遍性以及操作的可行性三方面考察,判断民事立法语言优劣的基本标准和目标是"准确与否"。我国现有民事立法在落后的立法技术、经验主义立法思维、不断更替的法律理论以及不同的草案起草者和审定者之共同作用下,存在大量"语言失范":既有标点符号、用词和语法错误及篇章结构矛盾的纯粹语言问题,也有隐藏在概念不清晰、语言表达含混和逻辑不周延背后的法律问题,还有法与法不统一的体系问题。既降低了民事立法的质量,也对司法造成了不良影响。因此,编纂民法典之时,应当遵循"宜细不宜粗"的立法方针,优选专业化的立法品格,将法律理论研究与立法语言审校并重,准确选择和使用语言,以追求民法典语言表达的完善。From the need of expression, the universality of the use and the feasibility of the operation, the basic standard and target for estimating the civil legislative language is whether the language is accurate or not. With the backward legislation techniques, the empirical legislation thoughts, the succession of legal theories and the mutual functions of different drafters and authorized people, there are so many losses of language in the existing civil legislation of our country, such as the pure language problems like inappropriate punctuation, words and grammar mistakes and the contradictions of the chapter structure; legal problems hiding behind unclear concepts, disordered language expressions and incomprehensive logic; and systemic problem of disunity among laws. They not only reduce the qualities of the civil legislation and also cause the negative effects for the judicature. Therefore, when compiling the Civil Code, we should follow the legislative policies in detail and precision rather than rough and misty legislation, and optimize professional legislation characters. We should attach great attentions to the researches of legislative theories and reviews of legislative languages, and choose and use languages accurately. They are all to pursue the perfection of the language expressions in the Civil Code.

关 键 词：民法典 立法语言 规范化 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]