2010-2015年医院铜绿假单胞菌感染分布及耐药性分析  

Distribution and drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in hospital during 2010-2015

作　　者：解泽强[1] 菅记涌[1] 孙盼盼[1] 全秀秀 陈亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院临床检验中心,北京100038

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2017年第3期498-500,504,共4页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的了解铜绿假单胞菌的临床分布及耐药性,为医院感染控制提供可靠依据。方法收集医院2010年1月-2015年12月分离铜绿假单胞菌8 078株,采用VITEK-2Compact全自动药敏鉴定分析仪对菌株进行鉴定及药敏试验,采用WHONET 5.6软件进行药敏结果分析。结果在所有分离革兰阴性杆菌中,铜绿假单胞菌分离率为27.59%;临床分离菌株多数来源于痰样本,约占所有样本的79.57%;感染科室以ICU、呼吸科为主,分离率分别为24.33%、16.86%;药敏结果显示,铜绿假单胞菌对β-内酰胺类药物、喹诺酮类药物、氨基糖苷类药物耐药率较高,阿米卡星耐药率最低,头孢他啶耐药率呈现递减趋势;多重耐药株(MDR-PAE)的总检出率71.17%。结论铜绿假单胞菌耐药现状严重,临床应建立完善的医院感染监测系统,更为合理地科学地使用抗菌药物,及时调整抗菌药物,避免滥用抗菌药物。OBJECTIVE To understand the clinical distribution and drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and provide reliable basis for the infection control of P.aeruginosain hospital.METHODS A total of 8078 strains of P.aeruginosa were collected from Jan.2010 to Dec.2015.Identification and antibiotic susceptibility tests of the strains were carries out by VITEK-2compact automatic susceptibility identification analyzer.The antibiotic susceptibility results were analyzed by WHONET5.6.RESULTS Among all isolated gram-negative bacteria,the isolation rate of P.aeruginosa was 27.59%.The majority of clinical isolates originated from sputum samples,accounting for 79.57%.Infection departments were mainly ICU and department of respiration,with the isolation rates of24.33% and 16.86% respectively.Drug susceptibility tests results showed that the drug resistant rates of P.aeruginosa were higher to most of the beta-lactam drugs,quinolones and aminoglycoside class drugs,was the lowest to amikacin,and had a decreasing trend to ceftazidime.The overall detection rate of multi-drug resistant strains was 71.17%.CONCLUSIONThe drug resistance of P.aeruginosais serious.The hospital infection monitoring system should be established and improved,and the doctors should use the antibiotics more reasonably and scientifically,timely adjustment of antibiotics,to avoid the abuse of antibiotics.

关 键 词：铜绿假单胞菌 耐药性 抗菌药物 

分 类 号：R378.991[医药卫生—病原生物学]