儿童感染性腹泻的发病因素分析及预防管理措施  

Risk factors and prevention measures for children with infectious diarrhea

作　　者：曹献云[1] 李岩[1] 剧松丽 宋菲[1] 徐雁[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学附属医院南阳市中心医院儿科,河南南阳473009

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2017年第3期675-677,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(132114712125)

摘　　要：目的分析儿童感染性腹泻的发病因素及预防管理措施,为感染性腹泻预防提供参考。方法选取2013年1月-2015年7月收治118例感染性腹泻患儿为研究对象,进行问卷调查,调查引起感染性腹泻的发病因素,数据采用SPSS17.0统计软件进行分析。结果感染性腹泻患儿感染病原体中细菌、病毒、支原体、衣原体分别占57.63%、37.29%、3.39%、1.69%;<1、1~3、4~7、≥8岁感染性腹泻患儿分别占36.44%、31.36%、23.73%、8.47%;春季、夏季、秋季、冬季各季节患病构成比分别占34.75%、18.64%、15.25%、31.36%;感染性腹泻患儿的发病因素与居住农村,父母文化程度在初中及以下,儿童无饭前、便后洗手,喝生水、无勤剪指甲、无剩饭菜加热等习惯有关。结论感染性腹泻患儿具有低年龄及冬春季多发、以细菌及病毒感染为主的特点,儿童父母文化程度低、儿童自身及家庭卫生差是引起儿童感染性腹泻发病的主要因素,应对卫生较差的农村儿童加强相关卫生宣教,以预防感染性腹泻发生。OBJECTIVE To analyze risk factors and prevention measures for children with infectious diarrhea,so as to provide references for the prevention of infectious diarrhea.METHODS A total of 118 cases of children with infectious diarrhea from Jan.2013 to Jul.2015 were selected as the research objects.A questionnaire survey was carried out to investigate the causes of infectious diarrhea.The data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0.RESULTS The pathogens of bacteria,viruses,mycoplasma,and chlamydia were 57.63%,37.29%,3.39%,and 1.69%in children with infectious diarrhea,respectively.Children with infectious diarrhea with the age of〈 1year old,1-3years old,4-7years old,and ≥8years old were 36.44%,31.36%,23.73%,and 8.47%,respectively.The proportions of disease in spring,summer,autumn and winter were 34.75%,18.64%,15.25% and 31.36%,respectively.The risk factors for infectious diarrhea in children were living in rural areas,parents＇ educational level in junior middle school and below,children without the habit of washing hands before and after meals,with the habit of drinking living water,without the habit of cutting nails,and no leftovers heating habits,and so on.CONCLUSIONInfection diarrhea in children has the characteristics of low age and multiple in winter and spring,mainly with bacterial and viral infection,and parents with low education level,children and their own poor family hygiene are the risk factors for infectious diarrhea in children.We should strengthen the related health education to prevent the occurrence of infectious diarrhea.

关 键 词：儿童 感染性腹泻 发病因素 预防管理 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]