2013-2015年天门市某三级综合医院医院感染现患率调查分析  

Prevalence survey and analysis of healthcare-associated infections in a tertiary general hospital in Tianmen in 2013-2015

作　　者：周会霞[1] 刘新靓 杨萍[1] 崔丹[2] 王全[2] 黎浩[2] 

机构地区：[1]天门市第一人民医院,湖北天门431700 [2]武汉大学健康学院/全球健康研究中心,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2017年第3期681-684,共4页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的了解天门市某三级综合医院2013-2015年医院感染现患率现状、医院感染部位构成、病原菌分布及多药耐药菌发生等,为提高医院综合感染管理水平及开展医院感染质量管理提供依据。方法采用横断面调查方法,调查2013-2015年医院感染现患率,结合床旁询问和体检的方式进行医院感染调查。结果在2013-2015年调查中,全院应调查住院患者共4 921例,实际调查4 921例,实查率100.00%,其中发生医院感染140例,医院感染现患率为2.84%;患者的医院感染部位主要分布在呼吸道系统,尤其以下呼吸道感染为主占49.31%;医院感染病原体均主要以革兰阴性菌为主,3年革兰阴性菌所占比例为81.01%;医院微生物样本送检率分别为79.00%,76.00%和71.00%,呈现逐年下降趋势;2013-2015年多药耐药菌检出率差异无统计学意义。结论医院应加大感染监测力度,重视病原菌培养,提高病原菌的送检率,掌握病原菌的发展趋势,引入新的医院质量管理工具,重视医院过程和环节质量管理,从而更有效控制医院感染的发生。OBJECTIVE To learn about the prevalence rate of healthcare-associated infections（HAIs）,infection site structure,pathogenic bacteria distribution,and the situation of multiple drug resistant bacteria,etc.in a tertiary general hospital in Tianmen,so as to provide evidences to improve the management and quality of healthcare-associated infections.METHODS Prevalence surveys of HAIs in 2013-2015 were carried out by cross-sectional survey method,combined with bedside investigations and physical examinations.RESULTS In the 2013-2015 survey,there were 4 921 inpatients and 4921 cases of actual inspection,with the actual inspection rate of 100%.There were 140 cases of HAIs,with the prevalence rate of 2.84%.The primary infection sites were respiratory system,especially the lower respiratory tract,accounting for 49.31%.The main pathogenic bacteria of HAIs were gramnegative bacteria,accounting for 81.01% in the three years.The inspection rates of hospital microbial samples were 79.00%,76.00% and 71.00%,showing a downward trend year by year.The detection rates of multi-drug resistant bacteria in 2013-2015 had no significant difference.CONCLUSIONThe hospital should strengthen the surveillance of HAIs,focus on the culture of pathogenic bacteria,increase the detection rates and understand the developing trend of pathogenic bacteria,introduce new quality management tools,and concentrate on the progress and process quality management,so as to more effectively control the HAIs.

关 键 词：医院感染 现患率 病原菌 质量管理 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]