千载之下,谁为知音?——论《古诗归》《采菽堂古诗选》《古诗评选》对陶诗的选评  

Who is the Confidant for Thousands of Years:On the Selected Commentary on Tao's Poetry in Gushi Gui,Caishutang Gushixuan,Gushi Pingxuan

作　　者：张悦[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南大学文学院,河南开封475001

出　　处：《河南大学学报（社会科学版）》2017年第1期122-128,共7页Journal of Henan University(Social Sciences）

摘　　要：陶渊明作为六朝成就最显著的诗歌大家,是历代古诗选本关注的焦点。钟惺、谭元春《古诗归》,陈祚明《采菽堂古诗选》,王夫之《古诗评选》对陶诗的选评存在明显差异。《古诗归》与《采菽堂古诗选》都将陶诗视为典范,其中《古诗归》欲通过标举陶渊明蕴藉之中充满灵气的诗风来纠正七子派、公安派的流弊,而《采菽堂古诗选》推崇陶诗是提倡其自然风格及所蕴含的深切情感。王夫之对陶渊明持贬抑态度,一是出于在明亡背景下对竟陵派的批判与反驳,二是认为陶诗过于流俗而不能更好地发挥诗教精神。三部选本对陶诗的不同定位,正是文学批评深受时代文学思想、社会政治思潮、主体审美倾向影响的典型体现。As the most remarkable poet of the Six Dynasties,Tao Yuanming is the focus of the ancient poetry anthology.There are significant differences between Zhong Xing and Tan Yuanchun＇s Gushi Gui,Chen Zuoming＇s Caishutang Gushixuanand Wang Fuzhi＇s Gushi Pingxuanabout the selected commentary on Tao＇s poetry.Gushi Gui and Caishutang Gushixuanboth take Tao＇s poetry as a paragon.The styles of Tao Yuanming＇s poems are coexistence of implicitness and reiki,so that Gushi Gui wants through it to correct the malpractice of＂Seven Poets＂and＂Gong＇an School＂.While Caishutang Gushixuanadmires Tao＇s poetry,in order to recommend its natural style and deep emotional style,Wang Fuzhi＇s attitude towards Tao Yuanming is demeaning.There are two reasons for this：the first one is the criticizing and refuting of the＂Jingling School＂in the perdition of the Ming Dynasty;the other reason is Tao＇s poetry is too vulgar to develop the spirit of poem teaching.These three anthologies have different positioning of Tao＇s poetry.It is the typical manifestation that literary criticism is greatly influenced by era literature trends,social and political thoughts and the subjective aesthetic tendency.

关 键 词：陶渊明 《古诗归》 《采菽堂古诗选》 《古诗评选》 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]