骨骼取样设备的研发及试用  

Forensic DNA-purposed Bone Sampling Equipment: Development and Pilot Application

作　　者：徐曲毅[1,2] 林端瑜[3] 朱凌云[3] 李越[1] 刘超[1] 刘宏[1] 杨电[1] 韩雅莉[2] XU Quyi LIN Duanyu ZHU Lingyun LI Yue LIU Chao LI Hong YANG Dian HAN Yali(Guangzhou Institute of Forensic Science, Guangzhou 510030, China Faculty of Light Industry and Chemistry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510004, China Zengcheng Sub-bureau of Guangzhou Public Security Bureau, Guangzhou 510515, China)

机构地区：[1]广州市刑事科学技术研究所,广州510030 [2]广东工业大学轻工化工学院,广州510461 [3]广州市公安局增城区公安分局,广州511300

出　　处：《刑事技术》2017年第1期21-24,共4页Forensic Science and Technology

基　　金：公安部应用创新计划项目(2015YYCXGDST023);广州市公安局科研项目(SPMS4401002200002015E0079)

摘　　要：目的研发一种可对骨骼进行前期消毒、电动取样、快速收集样品的设备。方法设计制造机械模型,模拟手工钻取骨粉模式,钻取骨骼,比较取样量、取样时间、消化效果、STR分型结果。结果研发的骨骼取样设备实现了多个功能模块(垂直机械取样模块、机械臂固定水平移动模块、样本收集模块、照明及消毒模块、电气控制模块)的有机整合,取样时间更短,样本更易消化,STR分型成功率与手工取样无显著差异。结论使用研发的骨骼取样设备钻取骨粉提取的DNA样本STR分型效果满意,在实际案件中有良好的应用前景。Objective To develop a forensic DNA-purposed bone sampling equipment that is capable of integrating the ultraviolet sterilization, electricity-driven sampling and quick sample collection into one single apparatus. Methods The apparatus＇ s model was designed and made into a finished product by which the regular course of forensic DNA-purposed bone sampling was performed in parallel with the human manual operation. Both the apparatus＇ s handling and human operation were compared in the items of sampling amount, consumed time, digestion effect and DNA profiling of STR. Results With the integration of functional modules（ones of vertical sampling, horizontal transportation, sample collection, illumination plus sterilization and the electric controlling）, the developed equipment has successfully achieved the STR typing without difference from real person＇s operation, yet even demonstrating shorter sampling time and easier digestion of DNA material. Conclusion The developed forensic DNA-purposed bone sampling equipment is totally able to meet the practical requirements for DNA analysis by supplying the high-quality bone DNA sample, showing itself a good prospect.

关 键 词：法医物证学 取样设备 骨骼 DNA检验 

分 类 号：DF795.2[医药卫生—法医学]