党参挥发性成分分析及其特殊香气研究  

Analysis of Volatile Components and Special Aroma in Fresh Roots of Codonopsis Radix

作　　者：郭琼琼[1] 李晶[1] 孙海峰[2] 李建宽[1] 高慧琴[1] 高建平[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学药学院,山西太原030001 [2]山西大学化学化工学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《中药材》2016年第9期2005-2012,共8页Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81072987);国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAI07B07);山西省高等学校中青年拔尖创新人才支持计划项目(晋教材[2012]146号)

摘　　要：目的:分析党参挥发性成分及其特殊香气。方法:采用顶空进样和气相色谱-质谱联用法(HS-GC-MS)分析三种基原党参鲜药挥发性成分,并采用顶空-气相色谱法(HS-GC)对主要成分正己醛、2-己烯醛和正己醇进行定量分析。结果:党参中共鉴定了64种挥发性化合物,包括醇类10种,醛类20种,萜类14种,酮类3种,酯类4种,呋喃类4种,羧酸类3种,烯烃类1种,烷烃1种,硫化物2种,其他类化合物2种。其中正己醛、2-己烯醛和正己醇相对百分含量较高,为党参主要的挥发性成分;潞党、白条党、纹党、凤党、板桥党正己醛相对百分含量分别为54.89%、59.01%、55.07%、42.42%、56.74%,是党参特殊香气的最重要的挥发性成分。潞党鉴定出的挥发性成分多达61种,包括2-异丙基-3-甲基-3、5-己二烯醛(0.38%)等8种特异成分。通过外标法测定党参样品中正己醛、2-己烯醛和正己醇3种成分的含量,其在一定的浓度范围内线性关系良好(R2≥0.9995),加样回收率分别为100.1%、94.8%、112.6%,RSD分别为4.4%、8.7%、8.1%。潞党正己醛含量高达200.41μg/g,显著高于板桥党、纹党、凤党,与相同基原的白条党无显著性差异;3年生潞党正己醇含量显著高于2年生正己醇含量。结论:特殊香气应是道地党参的一个重要特征。Objective： To analyze volatile components and special aroma in fresh roots of Codonopsis Radix. Methods： Volatile components in fresh Codonopsis Radix origined from three plant sources were analyzed by HS-GC-MS,and n-hexanal,2-hexenal and n-hexanol were quantified by HS-GC. Results： 64 constituents have been identified in Codonopsis Radix,which containing ten alcohol,20 aldehyde,14 terpene,three ketone,four ester,four furan,three acid,one olefin,one alkane,two sulfide and two other compounds. The total percentage of n-hexanal,2-hexenal and n-hexanol was large,which were the main volatile compounds in Codonopsis Radix. The content of n-hexanal in Lu Dangshen,Baitiao Dangshen,Wen Dangshen,Feng Dangshen and Banqiao Dangshen were 54. 89%,59. 01%,55. 07%,42. 42% and 56. 74%,which were the major volatile component contributing to special aroma in Codonopsis Radix. 61 compounds have been identified in Lu Dangshen including 8 specific compounds. An external calibration method was established for simultaneous determination of n-hexanal,2-hexenal and hexanol in Codonopsis Radix. The results showed that all calibration curve three volatile components exhibited good linearity at a range of concentrations（ R2≥0. 9995）. The recoveries of n-hexanal,2-hexenal and hexanol were 100. 1%,94. 8% and 112. 6%,and the RSD were 4. 4%,8. 7% and 8. 1%,respectively. The analysis suggested that the content of n-hexanal in Lu Dangshen was 200. 41 μg / g and significantly higher than that in Banqiao Dangshen,Wen Dangshen and Feng Dangshen while similar to Baitiao Dangshen. The content of hexanol in three-year-old Lu Dangshen was significantly higher than that in twoyear-old Lu Dangshen. Conclusion： The present research indicates that special aroma is an important feature of authentic Dangshen.

关 键 词：党参 特殊香气 HS-GC-MS HS-GC 挥发性成分 含量测定 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学]