空间诱变选育抗稻瘟病水稻品种研究进展与展望  

Achievements and Perspective Outlook of Space Induced Mutation Breeding for the Rice Blast Resistance

作　　者：孙大元[1,2] 张景欣[1] 陈冠州[1] 王慧[2] 朱小源[1] 陈志强[2] 杨祁云[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所/广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室,广东广州510640 [2]华南农业大学/国家植物航天育种工程技术研究中心,广东广州510642

出　　处：《核农学报》2017年第2期271-279,共9页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金重点项目(2016A030311017);国家863项目(2012AA101201)

摘　　要：长期的生产实践证明挖掘新的抗病资源、鉴定和利用抗病基因是防治稻瘟病最为经济有效的策略。因此,挖掘新的抗病资源以改良水稻品种的抗病持久性,是当前稻瘟病抗病育种的当务之急。空间诱变育种在创造优异新种质、诱导新的基因资源和培育农作物新品种上已发挥其独特的优势和作用,是农作物遗传改良的新途径,是未来作物育种新技术的重要组成部分。实践证明,空间诱变手段可对水稻品种的稻瘟病抗性进行有效改良,且已育成多个抗稻瘟病优良品种。本文对近20多年来水稻空间诱变抗稻瘟病育种研究现状进行概述,如空间诱变水稻稻瘟病抗性变异特点、空间诱变抗稻瘟病育种成果以及空间诱变稻瘟病抗性变异机理等,以期为进一步揭示空间诱变变异机理和开展水稻空间诱变抗病育种工作奠定理论基础。Identification of novel sources of resistance and use of resistance genes in rice breeding are considered as the most economic, effective and environmental friendly method for blast control. Screening for novel sources of resistance in rice germplasm against rice blast is one strategic approach to achieve durable resistance. Obtaining novel germplasm and gene sources through space mutation had been recognized as a new technique for breeding. In fact, it has been proved that some excellent resistant germplasms induced by space mutation have been widely used in breeding programs for disease resistance. In order to make us comprehensive understand the genetic mechanisms of space-induced rice mutants＇ resistance to blast, this article reviews recent progress in space induced mutation breeding and discusses the prospect of space induced mutation on the blast resistance breeding.

关 键 词：水稻 空间诱变 稻瘟病抗病育种 

分 类 号：S435.111.41[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]