北方沿海城市屋面雨水径流水质及影响因素  

Study on Characteristics of Roof Runoff Water Quality in the Northern Coastal City and Its Influencing Factors

作　　者：刘大喜[1] 李倩倩[1] 李铁龙[1] 王薇[1] 金朝晖[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院/环境污染过程与基准教育部重点实验室,天津市生物质类固废资源化技术中心,天津300071

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2016年第12期100-105,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41173102);天津市科技支撑计划重点项目(12ZCZDSF01400)

摘　　要：选取天津市某小区3种材质的屋顶(瓦面、油毡屋面、沥青面)径流为研究对象,通过7场连续降雨监测,分析探讨了径流污染物平均浓度(EMC),屋面雨水径流水质特点,污染物出流规律以及径流水质影响因素。结果表明,天津市天然雨水中含氮量较高;通过计算3种屋面径流及路面径流EMC值,得出屋面径流中SS和COD严重超标,油毡面径流污染最重,天津市屋面径流污染水平比上海市高,也比美国、德国和法国等国家高;屋面雨水径流前期污染较高,存在一定的初使冲刷效应;晴天积累天数是影响屋面径流水质的重要因素,屋面初期径流污染物浓度与晴天累积天数成正相关;降雨强度对径流污染物具有分段影响,降雨强度<6 mm/h时,径流污染物浓度随降雨强度的增大而增加,降雨强度>6 mm/h时,径流污染物浓度随雨强的增大而降低。Selecting three kinds of material on the roof of a district（tile surface,roofing felt,asphalt surface）in Tianjin as the research object,by seven continuous runoff rainfall monitoring,this paper analyzed the average runoff pollutants concentration（EMC）,roofing rainwater runoff water quality characteristics,pollutants discharge,and runoff water quality rules. The results showed that the nitrogen content is higher in the natural rain. Based on three kinds of roof and surface runoff by EMC values,it is concluded that high amounts of SS and COD in the roof runoff linoleum surface runoff pollution is the heaviest,and the roof runoff pollution levels is higher than Shanghai,also higher than the United States,Germany and France and other countries. The early stage of the roof rainwater runoff pollution is higher,there must be the effect at the beginning of the scouring. Sunny days is an important influence factors of roof runoff water quality,roof runoff pollutants concentration is positively relative to the cumulative number of sunny days. Rainfall intensity has a piecewise influence on runoff pollutants,rainfall intensity is less than 6 mm/h,runoff pollutants concentration increases with the increase of rainfall intensity,when rainfall intensity is more than 6 mm/h,along with the increase of rainfall intensity and runoff pollutants concentration decreased.

关 键 词：径流 屋面 水质 影响因素 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]