双层动车组车体结构灵敏度研究  

Sensitivity Research on Car Body Structure for the Double layer EMU

作　　者：张军[1] 王成娟[1] 马纪军 兆文忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连交通大学交通运输工程学院,辽宁大连116028 [2]中车唐山机车车辆有限责任公司产品技术研究中心,河北唐山063035

出　　处：《铁道学报》2017年第1期25-32,共8页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划(2014J004-O);牵引动力国家重点实验室开放课题(TPL1402);辽宁省自然科学基金(2014028020)

摘　　要：车体结构灵敏度为车体结构修改提供依据,是现代车体结构设计过程中的重要内容之一。本文以某双层动车组车体为研究对象,建立车体有限元模型,计算车体模态、应力及变形。以车体底架、侧墙、顶板、端墙等不同部位板厚度参数为设计变量,用半分析灵敏度方法,以车体模态频率、静载荷作用下的应力和变形为设计响应,计算响应对各设计变量的灵敏度。计算结果表明,车体前3阶模态频率随底架、侧墙、车顶结构厚度的增加而增大,随端墙、牵枕缓部位板件厚度的增加而减小;车体底架变形对下底板、车顶、侧墙各板板件厚度灵敏度较大,为负值;关键位置应力灵敏度多为负值。通过灵敏度计算分析,揭示影响车体性能的主要因素,明确提高车体模态频率、减小变形及应力的措施。通过灵敏度分析对车体结构进行修改,在提高低阶模态频率并保证变形和应力满足要求的前提下,使车体质量减少410kg。The structure sensitivities of car body can provide the modification information and they are important contents of structure design.This research focus on a car body of double layer EMU,its finite element model is established by using of Hypermesh software,the modal,stress and deformation are calculated by using of the finite element method.Then the plate thicknesses are used as the design variables,the sensitivities of the modal frequencies,stresses and deformations with respect to the design variables are achieved by using of the numerical differential method.The results show that the modal frequency sensitivities with respect to bottom plate,side wall and top plate are relative high positive values,and these with respect to end wall and traction pillow are the negative values;the sensitivities of maximal deformation of bottom plate center with respect to bottom plates,top plate and side wall are relatively large,and these values are all negative;the stress sensitivities of key positions are all negative.Based on this research,the main factors influencing the car body performance are revealed,the improving methods of car body performance are achieved.Based on the structure sensitivities of car body,the car body is modified and a mass reduction of 410 kg is achieved,while the lowest modal frequency is increased and the stress and deformation satisfied the design requirements.

关 键 词：动车组车体 灵敏度 模态频率 应力 变形 

分 类 号：U270[机械工程—车辆工程]