高盐含油废水中微生物筛选及系统发育研究  

Screening and Phylogenetic Studies of Halophiles in High Salinity Wastewater

作　　者：郑刚[1] 杨志坚[2] 董博林 陈作国[3] 张心齐[4] 吴敏[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学舟山海洋研究中心,浙江舟山316021 [2]浙江大学生命科学学院,浙江杭州310058 [3]浙江大学化学工程与生物工程学院,浙江杭州310058 [4]浙江农林大学林业与生物技术学院,浙江临安311300

出　　处：《微生物学杂志》2016年第6期40-47,共8页Journal of Microbiology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAB09B04);舟山市科技计划项目(2014C51022;2014C51020)

摘　　要：对舟山港口的油轮冲洗水样品嗜盐微生物进行筛选,得到7株菌株,其中DG30-2b、T37-2b和DG30-3b对体积分数为1.0%的稠油降解效果较好,降解率分别为28.5%、24.1%和18.7%。这3株菌分别为Bacillus cereus(蜡状芽胞杆菌)、Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus(木糖短小芽胞杆菌)和Thauera aminoaro-matica(氨基脂陶厄氏菌)。对这3株菌进行了降解条件优化,发现其在原油中的最适降解温度均为30℃,最适pH为7.0,最适原油降解浓度为体积分数0.5%。菌株DG30-2b和T37-2b的最适降解盐度均为质量分数2.0%,而菌株DG30-3b最适降解盐度为质量分数3.0%。将该3株菌按照体积比1:1:1混合后组成DGT菌群,对体积分数为1.0%的石油污染的土壤进行处理,并进行GC/MS色谱测定后,对污染物的迁移规律做了初步分析,结果显示C25以上的烷烃含量降低,C18左右的烷烃含量增多,表明菌群DGT有较好的降解效果,具有将长链烷烃降解为短链烷烃的能力。Seven strains were screened and obtained from water sample of flashing sludge of oil tankers in Zhoushan port, among them strains DG30-2b, T37-2b, and DG30-3b had better degradation on 1.0% （v/v） thick oil with the rates at 28.5%, 24.1%, and 18.7% respectively. These three strains respectively belonged to Bacillus cereus, Lysinbacillus xylanilyticus, and Thauera aminoaro-matica. The degradation conditions of these strains were optimized, the most suitable temperature to degrade crude oil was 30 ℃with optimal pH at 7.0, and optimal crude oil concentration at 0.5% （v/v）. And the optimal salinity of degradation of DG30-2b and T37-2b was 2.0% （w/v） , while DG30-3b was 3.0% （w/v）. When mixed these three strains with volume ratio at 1 ： 1 ： 1 to combine DGT bacterial group to treat 1.0% （v/v） oil polluted soil, and determined with GC/MS chromatography to analyze initially for the migrating law of the pollutant. The results showed that alkane of above C25 declined, however, alkane of about C18 increased, suggested that bacterial group of DGT had fine degradation effects, possessing the capability to degrade long chain alkane into short chain alkane.

关 键 词：高盐废水 嗜盐微生物 系统发育分析 石油降解 污染物迁移 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]