不同种植模式对农田土壤呼吸速率的影响  

Effects of different cropping systems on farmland soil respiration

作　　者：赵财[1] 陈桂平[1] 柴强[1] 文玉良[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室,甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2016年第6期24-29,共6页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31160265);甘肃省杰出青年基金项目(1111RJDA006);国家公益性行业项目(201103001)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨不同种植模式对农田土壤CO_2排放的影响,以期为农田固碳减排提供理论参考.【方法】以河西绿洲灌区的7种种植模式为研究对象,采用CFX-2开放式呼吸测定系统进行土壤呼吸速率测定.【结果】7类种植模式下农田土壤呼吸速率具有明显的季节变化规律,其中,单作玉米的波动幅度最大,呈先上升再下降的趋势;平均土壤呼吸速率表现为单作玉米>玉米间作豌豆>小麦间作玉米>春小麦复种冬油菜>春小麦复种冬小麦>春小麦复种春油菜>春油菜复种马铃薯,且不同处理间平均土壤呼吸速率差异显著(P<0.05);单作玉米农田土壤呼吸速率最强,春油菜复种马铃薯最小,且单作玉米农田土壤呼吸速率为春油菜复种马铃薯的4.6倍.间作模式下小麦、玉米带土壤呼吸速率较相应的单作分别降低20.9%和26.3%.【结论】7种种植模式中,单作玉米潜在温室气体排放量最大,春油菜复种马铃薯最有利于农田温室气体减排,而间作模式可有效降低配置作物的土壤呼吸速率强度.[Objective] In order to provide theoretical basis for sequestrating carbon and reducing CO2 e- mission on farmland. [Method] A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different cropping systems on farmland CO2 emission, by using a CFX-2 portable infrared analyzer to measure the soil respiration rate under 7 various cropping patterns in the oasis region of Hexi Corridor,Gansu Province. [Result] Soil respiration rate of various cropping systems had an explicit regular change of seasonal varia- tions. Monoculture maize had the highest fluctuation range,with the range increased at first growing stage and decreased at last with maize harvest. The values order of averaged soil respiration rate were： sole maize （M） 〉 maize//pea （M//P） 〉 wheat//maize （W//M） 〉 wheat-winter rape （WsRw） 〉 wheat-winter wheat （WsWw） 〉 wheat-spring rape （WsRs）） spring rape-potato （RsP）. The absolute value of soil res- piration rate differed significantly （P〈0. 05） among treatments. Sole maize had the highest soil respiration rate,while spring rape-potato had the lowest, which was 1/4. 6 to sole maize. The soil respiration rate of wheat and maize strips in intercropping was decreased by 20. 9% and 26. 3% as compared to the corre-sponding sole cropping, respectively. [Conclusion] Spring rape-potato multiple cropping was the optimal treatment in reducing farmland greenhouse gas emissions and thereby mitigating global climate change a- mong the 7 tested modes. Intercropping, as well,potentially decreased the soil respiration rate both in pea// maize and wheat//maize.

关 键 词：复种 间作 土壤呼吸速率 秸秆还田 

分 类 号：S34[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]