2009～2015年周口市手足口病流行病学分析  

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease,Zhoukou city,2009-2015

作　　者：朱冬梅 蒋文[2] 李彦勋[2] 王云超 

机构地区：[1]周口市卫生局卫生监督局,河南周口466000 [2]周口市疾病预防控制中心,河南周口466000 [3]周口市传染病医院,河南周口466000

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2016年第12期920-922,926,共4页Preventive Medicine Tribune

摘　　要：目的了解周口市手足口病的流行病学特征,为手足口病防控措施提供科学依据。方法应用描述流行病学方法对周口市2009~2015年手足口病疫情资料和病原学监测资料进行统计分析。结果周口市2009~2015年共报告手足口病30 056例,其中重症病例619例,死亡13例;年均报告发病率为47.37/10万,死亡率为0.19/10万,病死率为0.04%。不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。不同县（市、区）间的报告发病率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。春夏季为高发季节,发病数占58.82%。发病率最高为川汇区（146.50/10万）,最低为项城市（18.61/10万）。发病年龄5岁及以下幼儿为最高,占97.61%,男性发病率（66.16/10万）高于女性（37.15/10万）（P〈0.01）,男女比为1.80∶1。不同县区、城乡、年龄发病率差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。病原学检测阳性率为82.27%（984/1 196）,EV71阳性率最高为46.74%（559/1 196）,其次为CA16占8.45%（101/1 196）,其他肠道病毒27.09%（324/1 196）。轻症、重症和死亡病例中EV71阳性率分别为29.62%、69.86%、84.62%,差异有统计学意义。结论 2009~2015年周口市手足口病每间隔1~2年一个流行高峰。EV71为流行优势毒株。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Zhoukou city,so as to provide scientific basis for taking prevention and control measures.Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemic and etiological surveillance data of HFMD in Zhoukou city,2009-2015.Results During 2009-2015,a total of 30 056 HFMD cases were reported including 619 severe cases and 13 deaths.The annual incidence rate was 47.37/105 and the death rate was 0.19/105 with the case fatality rate being 0.04%.There were significant differences in years（P〈0.01）and in counties（P 〈0.01）.The HFMD incidence had peaks in spring and summer,accounting for 58.82% of the total reported cases.The incidence was the highest in Chuanhui district（146.50/105）and the lowest in Xiangcheng city（18.61/105）.The cases concentrated among children under 5years old,accounting for 97.61% of the total cases.The incidence was higher in males（66.16/105）than that of females（37.15/105）（P 〈0.01）.The ratio between males and females was 1.80∶1.The incidence showed significant differences in different counties,urban-rural areas and populations（P 〈0.01）.Among all the cases,82.27%（984/1 196）were detected positive for enteroviruses,with the most frequently presented serotypes being human enterovirus 71（46.74%）and cox-A16（8.45%）and other EV serotypes accounted for27.09%.The positive rate of EV71 was 29.62%,69.86%,and 84.62% for mild,severe,and death cases respectively,with significant differences.Conclusion During 2009-2015,there is an epidemic peak in Zhoukou city every 1-2years.EV 71 is the dominant strain.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行病学 病原学 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]