糖尿病性耳聋听力变化特点  

Characteristics of hearing loss in diabetic fat rats

作　　者：黄国威[1,2] 李国庆[1] 严晓菊[1] 吕萍[1] 李欢[2] 刘晨[2] 郭维维[2] 杨仕明[2] 于宁[2] 

机构地区：[1]川北医学院附属医院耳鼻咽科,南充637000 [2]解放军总医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科耳鼻咽喉研究所,北京100853

出　　处：《中华耳科学杂志》2016年第6期813-818,共6页Chinese Journal of Otology

基　　金：国家973计划重大科学研究计划干细胞项目(2012CB967900与2014CB943002);军队项目(BWS14B080;JDZYY20132);国家自然基金项目(81271081;81528005与81470700);四川省卫生厅课题(110298)共同支持下在解放军总医院完成

摘　　要：目的探讨自发性糖尿病鼠初期听力变化特点。方法清洁级雄性,7周龄Zucker Diabetes Fat(ZDF)大鼠根据糖尿病发病与否分发生糖尿病的ZDF模型鼠(fa/fa)为实验组10只,不发生糖尿病的ZDF对照鼠(fa/+)为对照组5只。分别于2、3、4、5、6月大小时测大鼠的体重、空腹血糖、短声诱发听性脑干反应(Click-ABR)、短纯音诱发听性脑干反应(tb-ABR)、畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAEs)。结果实验鼠在第2月龄内12小时禁食不禁饮测空腹血糖在正常范围,第3月龄时实验鼠的空腹血糖已达糖尿病标准并维持在较高水平;对照组大鼠血糖一直保持在正常范围。根据测得空腹血糖值大小实验组空腹血糖值上升相对较快的鼠(实验组H)在4月龄时tb-ABR在8k Hz上的阈值较其2月龄时阈值升高(P<0.05);Click-ABR 90d BSPLⅠ波潜伏期、Ⅰ-Ⅲ间期较在2月龄时延长(P<0.05),4月后Ⅰ波潜伏期、Ⅰ-Ⅲ间期开始缩短。实验组空腹血糖上升相对较慢鼠(实验组L)在5月龄时tb-ABR在8k Hz、16k Hz、32k Hz的阈值较2月龄时阈值升高(P<0.05),以32k Hz听力损失最严重,Click-ABR90d BSPLⅠ波及Ⅰ-Ⅲ波潜伏期出现较明显延长(P<0.05),5月后Ⅰ波潜伏期、Ⅰ-Ⅲ间期开始缩短。对照组大鼠实验前后听力无变化(P>0.05)。结论肥胖ZDF糖尿病大鼠发病前期听力无明显变化,糖尿病鼠发病稳定后1到2个月(即4、5月龄)开始出现较明显的听力损害;糖尿病听力损失的发病进展速度也许与血糖升高的快慢有关;糖尿病鼠高频听力损失较重,提示临床糖尿病人应当监测高频听力变化。Objective To study the characteristics of early stage hearing loss in rats with primary diabetes. Methods Zucker diabetic fat（ZDF） rats（7 weeks old） were divided into a diabetes/obesity group（fa/fa, n=10） and a control group（fa/＋, n=5）. The rats were weighed and fasting blood-glucose tested. Auditory brainstem responses were tested using clicks（Click-ABR） and tone burst（tb-ABR）, together with distortion product otoacoustic emissions（DPOAEs）, at 1, 2, 4 and 6month. Results In rats in the diabetes obesity group, 12 hours fasting blood-glucose was within normal range in the first 2months, but elevated to diabetes diagnosis levels and maintained at a high level after 3 months, while fasting blood-glucose remained in the normal range in control rats. In rats with rapidly rising fasting blood-glucose levels, tb–ABR thresholds at8000 Hz were higher at 4 months than at 2 months（P〈0.05）, with wave I latency and I-III interval of Click-ABRs（90 d BSPL） prolonged compared to at 2 months（P〈0.05）. Interestingly, these animals showed shorter wave I latency and I-III intervals after 4 months. Rats in the diabetes/obesity group with slowly rising fasting blood-glucose showed higher tb-ABR thresholds at 8, 16 and 32 k Hz at 5 months than at 2 months（P〈0.05）, especially at 32 k Hz. Hearing levels in control group rats showed no significant change before and after the study（P〈0.05）. Conclusion There is no obvious change in ABR thresholds in ZDF rats in the early stage（2- 3 months）. They begin to show hearing impairment when they are 4-5months old. The rate of hearing loss in diabetic rats may be associated with the speed of blood glucose raising. Hearing loss at high frequencies in diabetic rats indicates the need to monitor high frequency hearing change in diabetic patients as soon as possible.

关 键 词：ZDF鼠 Ⅱ型糖尿病 耳聋 听力减退 

分 类 号：R764.43[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]