鞍山地区大雾天气气候特征及成因探讨  

Climatic characteristics and causes of heavy fog in Anshan area

作　　者：金巍[1,2] 曲姝霖 王业修 沈玉敏[4] 戴萍 郜凌云 曲岩[1] 原久淞 

机构地区：[1]鞍山市气象局,辽宁鞍山114004 [2]中国气象科学研究院国家重点灾害性实验室,北京100081 [3]兰州大学大气科学学院,甘肃兰州730000 [4]沈阳区域气候中心,辽宁沈阳110166 [5]辽宁省气象信息中心,辽宁沈阳110166 [6]营口市气象局,辽宁营口115001

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2016年第6期69-76,共8页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：灾害天气国家重点实验室开放课题"辽宁持续性冰雹天气分析和研究"(2012LASW-B8);国家973项目(2012CB957800);环渤海区域科技协同创新基金项目"黄渤海雷暴大风监测及预警指标研究"(QYXM201502)共同资助

摘　　要：利用1951—2014年鞍山地区大雾天气观测资料,采用线性趋势法和多项式趋势法分析了鞍山地区大雾天气的空间及时间变化特征。结果表明:1951—2014年鞍山地区年和季大雾日数呈东南部地区多、西北部和中部地区少的空间分布特征,同时各区域大雾日数的季节变化差异显著,东南部山区夏季和秋季(6—10月)为大雾多发季,其他地区深秋和冬季(11月至翌年1月)为大雾多发季;鞍山市各区域大雾日数趋势变化的差异较大,中部地区大雾日数呈减少的趋势,西部地区大雾日数呈弱增加的趋势,东南部地区大雾日数呈增加的趋势。近64 a鞍山地区区域性大雾过程最长持续时间为7 d,全区性大雾过程较少,一致性大雾过程仅出现8次;鞍山地区大雾天气受地形影响较大,具有明显的区域特征,平原地区大雾天气少、山区大雾天气多,且山区连续性大雾过程持续时间较长。鞍山地区大雾过程持续时间多集中在1—2 h,大雾天气出现时间主要集中在05—06时、08时和20时前后,大雾过程日最长持续时间为20—21 h。在1961—2010年鞍山地区大雾日数的年代际变化中,东南部山区大雾日数呈增加的趋势,中部地区大雾日数呈减少的趋势;特别是20世纪90年代以后,中部地区大雾日数减少明显,东南部地区大雾日数增加显著,区域性差异较大。同时,人类活动对气候环境的反馈影响可能也是鞍山地区大雾天气变化的一个原因。Based on the observational data of heavy fog in Anshan area from 1951 to 2014, the spatial and temporal characteristics of heavy fog were analyzed using a linear trend method and a polynomial trend method. The results show that the annual and seasonal numbers of fog days from 1951 to 2014 are larger in the southeastern region of Anshan, but smaller in the northwestern and central regions. The heavy fog days in different regions have different seasonal variations. Heavy fog events occur frequently in summer and autumn （from June to October） in the southeastern mountainous region, while they occur mostly in late autumn and winter （from November to January） in the other regions. Heavy fog days have a decreasing trend in the central region of Anshan, a weakly increasing trend in the western region, and a clear increasing trend in the southeastern region. The longest duration time of re- gional heavy fog events in Anshan is 7 d. It is seldom to have a heavy fog occurring in the whole region. Such e- vents occurred only eight times from the record. The heavy fog events in Anshan show distinct regional feature due to the topographic effect. It seldom occurs in the plain regions, but frequently appears in mountainous regions and lasts longer. The duration time of heavy fog events in Anshan is about 1-2 h, and their starting time is usually a- round 05：00-06：00,08：00, and 20：00 ,mostly lasting for 20-21 h. Due to the inter-decadal variability of heave fog days in Anshan from 1961 to 2010 ,the number of fog days increases in the southeastern mountainous region and decreases in the central region. Since 1990s, it has decreased significantly in the central region ,but increased in the northeastern region, which shows great regional difference. Meanwhile, the feedback of human activities to climate and environment is probably another reason for the variation of heavy fogs in Anshan.

关 键 词：大雾 地形 区域性 人类活动 

分 类 号：P468.028[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]