三维土工网防护边坡侵蚀特性的试验研究  

Test and Study on Erosion Characteristics of 3D Geonet Protection Slope

作　　者：王广月[1] 王艳[1] 徐妮[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学土建与水利学院,济南250061

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2017年第1期79-83,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"三维土工网防护边坡坡面流特性及侵蚀动力机制研究"(11372165)

摘　　要：为了揭示三维土工网防护坡面侵蚀规律,利用室内模拟放水冲刷试验,定量研究了不同坡度(5°,10°,15°,20°,25°,30°)、不同流量(1 m^3/h,1.5 m3/h,2 m^3/h)条件下,三维土工网防护坡面的侵蚀过程及侵蚀特征。结果表明:(1)累积侵蚀量随坡度和流量的增大而增大,且冲刷最初10min内得到的侵蚀量占侵蚀总量的70%左右,而冲刷末期的坡面流含沙率仅在0.01~0.04g/cm^3内波动;(2)随着坡度增大,累积侵蚀量的贡献率增大,流量对累积侵蚀量起主导作用,在大流量冲刷的条件下,流量对累积侵蚀量的贡献率比流量较小时更加显著;(3)累积侵蚀量与坡度呈正相关的幂函数关系,相关性显著;(4)三维土工网防护边坡的坡面流为紊流,累积侵蚀量与雷诺系数的关系可以表示为:M=0.186Re0.672,相关系数R^2=0.9429。Aming to explore the erosion charateristic of 3D geonet protection slope, we quantitatively tested the erosion process and erosion characteristics of 3D geonet protection slope based on laboratory simulation runoff scouring experiments under the different slope gradients （5°,10°,15°,20°,25°,30°） and the different flow discharges （1 m^3/h,1.5 m^3/h,2 m^3/h）. The experimental results show that： （1） cumulated erosion increases with the increase of slope gradients and flow discharges, at the same time, the amount of erosion occurring in the first 10 minutes takes up 70 - of the total, while the sand content of overland flow fluctuates within 0. 0140.04 g/cma at the end of scouring period; （2） the contribution rate of cumulated erosion increases with the increase of slope gradient, while the flow discharge plays a leading role in the process; under the condition of large flow discharge, the flow discharge contribution rate of cumulated erosion is more significant than the small flow discharge; （3） the relation between cumulated erosion and slope gradients significantly follows the power function; （4） the overland flow pattern of 3D geonet protection slope is turbulent flow, and the relationship between cumulated erosion and Reynolds number can be described as： M=0. 186Re0.672 （R^2 =0. 9429）.

关 键 词：三维土工网垫 坡面流 土壤侵蚀 

分 类 号：TV131[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] S157[农业科学—土壤学]