东北典型黑土区坡面土壤速效磷空间分布规律  

Spatial Heterogeneity of Soil Available Phosphorus on Typical Slope in Black Soil of Northeastern China

作　　者：梁佳辉[1] 张少良[1] 穆林林[1] 黄静[1] 杨方益 董峰[1] 张新波[1] 蒙亮[1] 沈庆松 王曜[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学资源与环境学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2017年第1期90-95,102,共7页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"冻融作用下侵蚀黑土耕层氮磷时空分异变化驱动机制研究"(41471228);东北农业大学"学术骨干"项目"冻融作用下黑土磷空间格局变化及主要驱动机制"(15XG08);黑龙江省普通本科高等学校青年创新人才培养计划"侵蚀黑土坡面速效氮时空格局变化的驱动机制研究"(UNPYSCT-2016011);大学生创新训练项目"冻融驱动下黑土磷空间格局变化特征研究"(201510224008)

摘　　要：土壤速效磷是反映土壤供磷水平的重要指标,也是磷环境风险评价的重要参数,研究其空间分布规律可为农田合理施肥和生态环境治理提供依据。研究利用多条典型样带系统地揭示了典型黑土区0—60cm剖面土壤速效磷水平和垂直方向分布规律。结果表明:研究区土壤速效磷(Olsen-P)含量为0.57~50.01mg/kg,耕层(0—20cm)速效磷为10~40mg/kg,位于充足水平以上。垂直方向上,土壤速效磷从表土层0—20cm处向深土层50—60cm处减小。施肥降低了表土层速效磷的变异程度,侵蚀和沉积增加了深土层的变异程度(20—50cm)。水平方向上,土壤速效磷总体沿坡向向下呈下降趋势,侵蚀和沉积同时降低了坡背和坡底土壤速效磷的含量。Soil available phosphorus （AP） is the key factor used for assessment of phosphorus （P） availability and environmental risk. Understanding the spatial variability was helpful to improve the precision fertilization, and reduce and control environmental pollution. AP （Olsen-P） in 0-60 cm layers from four sample transects was measured, and the AP dynamics was summarized systematically in profiles and lengthways. The results indicated that AP content ranged from 0.57 mg/kg to 50.01 mg/kg in 0-60 cm soil depth. AP in 0-20 cm soil depth vaired from 10 mg/kg to 40 mg/kg, and the soil produetivity was at sufficiency level. In vertical direetions, AP decreased from 0-20 cm to 50 60 cm soil layers. Fertilization decreased the variation in surface soil layer （0 20 era）, and soil loss and sediments increased the variation of deep soil layer （20-50 era）. In horizontal direction, AP decreased from summit to down slope, soil loss and deposition decreased AP on both baek slope and bottom.

关 键 词：黑土 样带 剖面 速效磷 土壤侵蚀 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]