三维GIS的城市暴雨积涝灾害模拟  

Simulation and analysis of urban storm waterlogging based on 3D GIS

作　　者：薛丰昌[1,2] 黄敏敏[1] 唐步兴 钱洪亮[1] 耿焕同[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学地理与遥感学院,南京210044 [2]南京信息工程大学气象灾害省部共建教育部重点实验室,南京210044

出　　处：《测绘科学》2017年第2期53-58,64,共7页Science of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20151458);江苏省博士后科研基金项目(1101024B);中国气象局北京城市气象研究城市气象科学研究基金项目(IUMKY&UMRF201103)

摘　　要：针对传统基于二维GIS进行城市暴雨积涝模拟分析不能立体地展现积涝灾害动态演进过程、地物受灾情况的问题,该文提出了基于三维GIS进行城市暴雨积涝灾害模拟分析。该方法综合应用精细化建模与地物拉伸建模技术,通过区域DEM构建、地表路面建模、建筑物建模、地形匹配构建研究区三维模型;以改进的D8算法进行汇水区划分,应用径流系数法进行汇水区产流计算。研究结果表明,该方法能够有效实现三维场景中暴雨积涝积水深度、积水范围计算以及积水深度、受灾房屋、受灾道路可视化表达,为城市暴雨积涝灾害防灾减灾提供技术支撑。Since traditional urban storm water logging simulation based on two-dimensional GIS cannot show the dynamic evolution of the flood disaster in three-dimensional plot, the method of rainstorm water logging disaster simulation based on 3D GIS was proposed. This method integrated techniques of me ticulous modeling and stretching modeling, through the regional DEM construction, road surface modeling, building modeling, terrain matching to build urban three-dimensional model of the study area. The D8 algorithm was improved to carry out the catchment divide, the method of runoff coefficient was applied to carry out runoff calculation. The results showed that this method could effectively achieve the calculation of rainstorm waterlogging water depth, water depth range as well as the stagnant water, the affected houses, the affected roads visualization in the three-dimensional scene.

关 键 词：三维GIS 暴雨积涝 模拟 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]