2000—2015年四川省杂交籼稻品种的稻米品质变化分析  

Analysis on Grain Quality Change of Indica Hybrid Rice Varieties of Sichuan Province during 2000～2015

作　　者：高成旭 田青兰 陶有凤[1] 任万军[1] GAO Cheng-xu TIAN Qing-lan TAO You-feng REN Wan-jun(Sichuan Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Cultivation in Southwest China, Wenjiang , Sichuan 611130, China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学/农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,四川温江611130

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2017年第1期5-11,共7页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：国家粮食丰产增效科技创新项目(2016YFD0300506;2013BAD07B13-02);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303102);四川育种攻关项目(2016NYZ0051)

摘　　要：对2000—2015年四川省审定的和农业部审定的由四川育种单位选育的共405个杂交籼稻品种以及2009—2015年四川省27个水稻主推品种的稻米品质年度变化进行了分析。结果表明,从历年审定品种主要米质性状的年度平均值看,垩白度缓慢降低,整精米率和胶稠度波动提高,直链淀粉含量保持在较为优质的水平,这4项指标的优质达标率均呈波动上升趋势,但垩白粒率年度间变化大,无明显改良趋势。稻米综合品质年度间波动大,总体上波动上升,但历年优质稻品种比率均偏低,平均仅为15.56%。四川省水稻主推品种的各项主要米质指标均达到较优水平,但主推品种中优质稻的比率也只有55.56%,仍有待进一步提高。The annual change of grain quality of indica hybrid rice varieties of Sichuan Province was analyzed based on the data of 405 indiea hybrid rice varieties registered by Sichuan Provincial Crop Variety Appraisal Committee or developed by Sichuan Province but registered by the National Crop Variety Appraisal Committee from 2000 to 2015 and 27 major rice varieties of Sichuan Province in commercial production from 2009 to 2015. The results showed that from 2000 to 2015, the degree of ehalkiness decreased slowly, the head rice recovery and gel consistency rised with fluctuations and the amylose content kept at a high quality level based on the annual means of main grain quality characters of the registered varieties. The annual superior quality rate of these four indices had a fluctuant rising tendency. However, the chalky rice rate had a great annual variation, showing not any obvious improvement. With respect to the comprehensive grain quality, there existed a rising tendency with a great annual variation, but the an- nual rate of superior quality varieties was low to an average of 15.56%. Although the main grain quality characters of the major rice varieties of Sichuan Province were relatively at a high quality level, the rate of superior quality varieties among them was only 55.56%, indicating that further improvement of grain quality is necessary for commercial rice production in Sichuan Province.

关 键 词：四川省 杂交籼稻 稻米品质 

分 类 号：S511.03[农业科学—作物学] S331