免疫预防阻断乙型肝炎病毒母婴传播的效果评价  

Evaluate on the effect of immunization in preventing hepatitis B virus' transmission from mother to infant

作　　者：吴维学[1] 黄翠敏[1] 吴桂花[1] 孔令婉 

机构地区：[1]海南省妇幼保健院基层指导与妇幼卫生管理部,海南海口570206

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2017年第4期627-629,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：海南省卫生厅科研基金课题:海南省乙型病毒性肝炎病毒母婴传播阻断措施与效果评估(编号:琼卫2013资助-044号)

摘　　要：目的探讨免疫预防对阻断乙型肝炎病毒母婴传播的效果。方法以1 929例HBs Ag阳性产妇及其分娩的8~12月龄婴儿为研究对象。了解其乙肝母婴传播阻断措施实施情况,同时对产妇所生婴儿抽血,检测乙肝标志物。结果共调查HBs Ag阳性产妇及婴儿1 929对,婴儿出生12个月时HBs Ag阳性率为0.93%,阻断成功率为99.07%;HBs Ab阳性率63.09%。乙肝大三阳和小三阳产妇所生婴儿HBs Ag阳性率分别为1.64%和0.49%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.900,P=0.027)。不同民族、文化程度、分娩方式、产科操作、会阴裂伤程度的产妇所生婴儿HBs Ag阳性率差异均无统计学意义,不同喂养方式的婴儿HBs Ag阳性率差异也无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论提示乙肝疫苗联合乙肝免疫球蛋白能有效降低乙肝病毒母婴传播的风险。Objective The aim of this study was to explore the effect of immunization on preventing hepatitis B virus＂ transmission from mother to infant. Methods A total of 1929 cases of HBsAg positive mothers and their delivery of 8 to 12 months were chosen as the research object. The implementation situation of blocking measures that hepatitis B virus＂ transmission from mother to infant was familiarized, at the same time infants＂ blood were taken to detect hepatitis B＂ markers. Results This time 1929 pairs＂ HBsAg positive mothers and infants were investigated in total. When babies were born after 12 months, the positive rate of HBsAg was 0.93%, blocking success rate was 99.07%, and the positive rate of HBsAb was 63.1%. infants whose mother was hepatitis B ＂great three positive＂ and ＂small three positie, their HBsAg posiie rate were 1.64% and 0.49% respectively. The difference was statistically significant （X2=4.900, P=0.027）. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of HBsAg of infants whose mother were different ethnic groups, cultural degree, modes of delivery, obstetric operation and degree of perineal laceration （P〉0.05）. There was no significant difference in the positive rates of HBsAg in different feeding modes （P〉0.05）. Conclusion It is suggested that hepatitis B vaccine combined with hepatitis B immunoglobulin can effectively reduce the risk of hepatitis B virus transmission.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎病毒 母婴传播 免疫 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]