99名儿童接种水痘减毒活疫苗免疫持久性的横断面研究  

Cross-sectional Study on 99 children immunity persistence of varicella live attenuated vaccine

作　　者：梁剑[1] 朱琦[1] 胡培[1] 刘美真[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省疾病预防控制中心,广东广州511430

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2017年第4期642-645,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：广东省医学科研基金项目(A2015038)

摘　　要：目的分析儿童接种1剂次水痘减毒活疫苗后抗体水平随免后时间变化的趋势,为水痘疫苗免疫程序的修订提供参考。方法采用回顾性调查方法,通过广东省免疫规划监测信息管理系统核实1~14岁儿童,水痘疫苗接种信息。对其中有明确免疫史的标本检测水痘抗体,分析水痘疫苗免疫持久性。结果 1~14岁的588名健康儿童中,有水痘疫苗接种史的99名,无免疫史的31名。水痘抗体浓度随免后时间延长呈现下降趋势,两者呈负相关(偏相关系数为-0.386,P值<0.001)。免后1年内抗体阳性率为100.00%,免后13~18月下降到92.86%,免后3年以上则阳性率仅为48.28%。免后1年水痘抗体浓度中位数最高为523.30 m IU/ml,至免后3年以上下降至98.00 m IU/ml。结论 1剂次水痘疫苗接种2年后,疫苗的保护效果欠佳,可以考虑此时进行加强免疫,以期有效地控制水痘暴发疫情的发生。Objective This study was to analyze the dynamic change in the titer of varicella antibody with the time after vaccination, so as to provide a scientific basis for better varicella prevention and control. Methods Retrospective method was used to analyze the data of varicella vaccination information of the 1 -14 years old from Guangdong provincial immunization surveillance information management system in Guangdong Province, in 2014 from Specimens were taken from those with clear varicella immunization history or clearly without varicella immunization historyfor the test ofvaricella antibody level. The varicella vaccine immune persistence was then analyzed. Results There were 99 with clear varicella immunization and 31 clearly without such history amongthe totally 588 healthy children of 1-14 years old. The average titer of varicella antibody after vaccination gradually decreased over time （R= -0.386, P〈0.001）. The antibody positive rate was 100% within one year, 92.86% after 13-18 months and 48.28% after 3 years. The median titer of antibody in one year or after three years after 1- dose of varieella vaccine were 523.30 mlU/ml and 98.00 mlU/ml, respectively. Conclusion After two years, the 1-dose varicella vaccination was not enough for varicella prevention. A booster immunization is recommended here in order to effectively control the varicella outbreaks.

关 键 词：水痘减毒活疫苗 免疫持久性 加强免疫 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]