薄壳山核桃马汉品种不同器官微量元素含量的动态变化  

Kinetic Changes of Micronutrients in Different Organs of Pecan Mahan

作　　者：沈超[1] 袁紫倩 杨先裕 李健[1] 孙志超[1] 黄瑞敏[1] 王正加[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室培育基地,浙江临安311300 [2]杭州市林业科学研究院,浙江杭州310022 [3]丽水市林业科学研究院,浙江丽水323000

出　　处：《核农学报》2017年第3期566-573,共8页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：浙江省林业厅项目(2014B01);中央财政林业科技推广项目〔2015〕TS 04号;浙江省农业新品种选育重大科技专项(2012C12904);浙江省科技厅重大项目(2011C14010)

摘　　要：为揭示薄壳山核桃细根、结果枝叶片、雄花序和果实各部分不同发育阶段Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn元素含量的周年动态变化及其相关性,以12年生薄壳山核桃马汉为试材,通过常规方法测定分析了土壤以及核桃不同器官中微量元素的含量变化。结果表明,不同器官和元素间存在一定的相关性和移动性。开花授粉期间,土壤与细根Mn含量呈下降趋势,叶片Mn含量下降23.17%,雌花序Mn含量上升12.98%;叶片Cu、Zn含量下降,雄花序Cu、Zn含量上升。果实成熟期间,果壳Fe、Mn、Zn含量普遍高于种仁和外果皮,果壳Mn、Cu含量分别下降30.19%和53.29%,外果皮Mn、Cu含量分别上升10.40%和79.24%,种仁Mn、Cu含量分别上升28.28%和59.71%;果壳和外果皮Zn含量分别下降42.39%和60.78%,种仁Zn含量上升43.71%。不同器官间微量元素相关性不同,叶片Zn与雄花序Mn呈极显著正相关。种仁Zn含量与叶片Mn含量达到极显著正相关,与Fe达到显著相关。叶片营养诊断的适宜时期为6月下旬至9月下旬。栽培上建议施好2次关键肥,分别为4月上旬至5月上旬和8月上旬至9月上旬。本研究结果为薄壳山核桃生产合理施肥提供了理论依据。To elucidate the changes and correlations of trace elements （Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn） in fine roots, leaves, catkins and different parts of fruits of pecan Mahan, 12-year-old pecan ＇ Mahan＇ was used as material, and the changes of trace elements in soil and different organs of pecan were analyzed. The results showed that there were some correlation and mobility between different elements and organs. During the pollination period, the content of Mn in soil, roots and leaves showed a downward trend. However, an upward trend was observed in female inflorescence. The content of Mn in leaves decreased by 23.17% , but increased by 12.98% in female inflorescence. The contents of Cu and Zn in leaves both decreased but they increased in catkins. During the fruit maturation, the contents of Fe, Mn and Zn in shell were generally higher than those in the kernel and shuck. The contents of Mn and Cu were decreased by 30.19% and 53. 29% in shell, respectively. They increased by 10.40% and 79.24% in shuck, and increased 28.28% and 59.71% in kernel. The contents of Zn were decreased by 42.39% in shell and 60.78% in shuck while increased by 43.71% in kernel. The correlation of the trace elements was different in different organs. The content of Zn in leaves was positively correlated with the content of Mn in catkins. The content of Zn in kernel was significantly positively correlated with the content of Mn and significantly positively correlated with the content of Fe in leaves. Diagnosis of the leaf nutrition was done during the period from June to late September. Applying two critical stage fertilizers was recommended in cultivation, respectively, in early April to early May and early August to early September. The results provided a theoretical basis for reasonable fertilization of pecan production.

关 键 词：薄壳山核桃 器官 周年动态 微量元素 营养诊断 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]