碳酸氢铵分解动力学及其在弱碱性条件下的溶解特性  

Decomposition Kinetics of Ammonium Bicarbonate and Its Dissolution Property in Weak Alkaline Solution

作　　者：刘伟[1] 张妍[2] 刘文礼[1] LIU Wei ZHANG Yan LIU Wen-li(College of Chem. ＆ Environ. Eng., China University of Mining and Technology （Beijing）, Beijing 100083, China Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, CAS, Beijing 100190, China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)化学与环境工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国科学院过程工程研究所绿色过程与工程重点实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《过程工程学报》2017年第1期123-129,共7页The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering

基　　金：国家基础科学人才培养基金资助项目(编号:J1103303);福建省中青年教师教育科研项目

摘　　要：用甲醛滴定法研究了氨法脱碳产物NH_4HCO_3溶液的受热分解,测定了温度323~363 K、浓度3.0%~7.9%(w)时的NH_4HCO_3溶液分解过程中主要离子的浓度变化,并用动态法测定了288~313 K时NH_4HCO_3在Na_2CO_3-H_2O体系中的溶解度.结果表明,HCO_3^-浓度在前30 min内先快速下降再平缓下降,NH_4HCO_3分解速率随温度升高增大.同一温度下,浓度越高,达到分解平衡所需时间越短.NH_4HCO_3的分解过程符合Lageren吸附模型;NH_4HCO_3的溶解度随温度升高而增加,随Na2CO3浓度增加先上升后下降,在0.1 mol/kg时最大,此时平衡固相由NH_4HCO_3变为Na HCO3.Formaldehyde titration method was used to study the terminal decomposition process of the product of the ammonia method. The concentration variation of main ions was measured when the ammonium bicarbonate solution with initial concentration from 3.0%～7.9% decomposed at 323～363 K. Besides that the determination of the solubility for ammonium bicarbonate in the NH_4HCO_3-Na_2CO_3-H2 O system from 288 to 313 K was carried by a dynamic method. The results show that the concentration of HCO_3～-ion falls sharply within the first 30 min and then decreases slowly. The decomposition rate of ammonium bicarbonate solution grows as the temperature rises, at the same temperature the higher the concentration of ammonium bicarbonate solution is, the shorter equilibrium time will be needed. Decomposition process of ammonium bicarbonate solution can be described by the Lageren equation after calculated; It has also been discovered that the solubility of NH_4HCO_3 increased with the rising of temperature, and increased firstly and then decreased gradually with increasing the concentration of Na_2CO_3 solution at the same temperature. With a peaked value at Na_2CO_3 concentration was 0.1 mol/kg when the equilibrium phase changed from NH_4HCO_3 to Na HCO3 in this aqueous system.

关 键 词：碳酸氢铵 分解 动力学 氨法 溶解特性 

分 类 号：TQ113[化学工程—无机化工]