闽中丘陵区中稻氮磷钾肥效及其适宜用量研究  

Effect of NPK Fertilization and Recommendation for Single Cropping Rice in Hilly Regions in Central Fujian

作　　者：章赞德 

机构地区：[1]福建省大田县农田建设与土肥技术推广站,福建大田366100

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2016年第12期1294-1298,共5页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业部测土配方施肥补贴项目(2008-2015)

摘　　要：为探讨闽中丘陵区中稻氮磷钾推荐施肥技术,应用"3414"设计开展15个田间肥效试验。结果表明,施肥目标产量受到空白区产量水平的强烈影响,二者间呈现显著水平的线性关系;平衡施肥的处理(6)平均产量为8 397kg·hm-2,氮磷钾化肥的增产效果分别为16.2%、6.5%和8.3%,平均净产值为21 663元·hm-2,比氮、磷、钾缺素区的净产值分别提高了14.4%、4.5%和6.3%。按照高产田、中产田和低产田3个类型对多点试验资料进行归类和回归建模,表明中稻N、P2O5、K2O平均推荐施肥量分别为219、95、154kg·hm-2,三要素比例为1∶0.43∶0.70。但3种稻田类型的稻谷产量水平有显著差异,氮磷钾最佳施用量有明显的差别,在施肥实践中应因土、因产量确定适宜施肥量。结果为中稻测土配方施肥技术提供了施肥指标依据。For single cropping rice cultivation in the hilly regions of central Fujian,15 field experiments based on a＂3414＂design on NPK fertilization were conducted.The results showed that the yield was strongly affected by the existing soil fertility,with a significant linear correlation between the fertilizer applied and the resulting rice output.The average yield by Treatment 6,which had a balanced fertilization at the rate of 8 397kg·hm^2,showed the average yield increases of 16.2%,6.5%,and 8.3%,by the N,P,and K applications,respectively.Its net revenue reached 21,663yuan·hm^2,with the increases of 14.4%,4.5%,and 6.3% due to N,P,and K fertilizations,respectively.The results from the experiments on the high-,moderate-and low-yield fields were subject to regression analysis and modeling.It appeared that the average application rates of N,P2O5 and K2O at 219,95and154kg·hm^2,in the proportion of 1∶0.43∶0.70,would be appropriate for a single cropping rice in the hilly areas.Nonetheless,since significant differences on the fertilization effect were found in fields of varied fertilities,optimization for specific site would be needed.In other words,in practice,fertilization must take the existing soil fertility into consideration in order to reach the target production objectives.

关 键 词：中稻 氮磷钾 增产 推荐施肥 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]