生防菌与有机肥联用防治马铃薯枯萎病及对土壤微生态的影响  

Control of Fusarium Wilt in Potato Using Biocontrol Agents Combined with Organic Fertilizer and Their Effects on Soil Micro Ecology

作　　者：刘智慧[1] 陈慧[1] 包美丽[2] 蒙美莲[1] 胡俊[1] 陈雯廷 王祺[1,3] 李云伟 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学农学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古通辽市科尔沁区农业技术推广中心,内蒙古通辽028000 [3]内蒙古中加农业生物科技有限公司,内蒙古四子王旗011800

出　　处：《中国马铃薯》2017年第1期30-37,共8页Chinese Potato Journal

基　　金：国家现代马铃薯产业技术体系建设岗位专家专项(nycytx-15-gwzj-20)

摘　　要：马铃薯枯萎病是马铃薯种植区为害严重的土传病害之一。将生防菌与有机肥结合施用,经田间试验,明确了对马铃薯枯萎病的防治效果及对根际土壤微生物各类群数量与土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明,生防菌与有机肥混合施用能够较好地控制枯萎病的发生;土壤中真菌数量明显下降,细菌与放线菌数量上升;土壤脲酶、磷酸酶、蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶活性得到不同程度的提升。说明生防菌与有机肥混合施用可以改善土壤微生物区系和马铃薯生长的土壤环境,提高土壤酶活性,抑制病原菌,减轻枯萎病的发生。Fusarium wilt in potato is one of the serious soil-borne diseases in potato growing areas. The control effects, influence on rhizosphere soil microbial populations and soil enzyme activity were studied by applying biocontrol agents combined with organic fertilizer in different ways in the field. The results showed that the disease severity was significantly reduced after applying the mixture of biocontrol agents and organic fertilizer. At the same time, the change of soil microbial community was found. The number of fungi decreased, while the number of bacteria and actinomycetes increased. The activities of soil urease, phosphatase, sucrose and catalase were increased to some extent. These results indicated that soil microbial flora and soil environment of potato growth were improved, soil enzyme activities were increased, pathogens were suppressed, and severity of Fusarium wilt in potato was reduced when biocontrol agents mixed with organic fertilizer were used in potato production.

关 键 词：马铃薯 枯萎病 生物防治 有机肥 土壤微生物 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S435.132[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S154[农业科学—植物保护]