串级萃取理论的发展历程及最新进展  

Review and Recent Progresses on Theory of Countercurrent Extraction

作　　者：廖春生[1,2] 程福祥 吴声[1,2] 严纯华[2] 

机构地区：[1]五矿(北京)稀土研究院有限公司,北京100085 [2]北京大学稀土材料化学及应用国家重点实验室,北京大学-香港大学稀土生物无机和材料化学联合实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《中国稀土学报》2017年第1期1-8,共8页Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资助项目(2012CBA01200)资助

摘　　要：20世纪70年代,徐光宪教授创建了串级萃取理论,建立了稀土串级萃取工艺的最优化参数计算方法。结合计算机技术,又建立了串级萃取工艺的静态参数设计和动态仿真计算技术,实现了工艺设计参数到工业规模生产应用的"一步放大"。近40年来,串级萃取理论及其计算方法始终引领和支撑着中国稀土分离技术的持续发展,同时,萃取工艺技术和装备的进步也不断地促进了该理论的丰富与完善。理论的适用范围由早期的恒定混合萃取比体系发展到非恒定混合萃取比体系,分离流程由两出口发展到三出口、多出口体系,并进一步发展为多入口、多出口的联动萃取工艺;串级萃取工艺的最优化参数计算方法也由两组份体系拓展至多组分分离体系,从单一工艺优化拓展到稀土全分离流程的整体优化。本文简要综述了串级萃取理论发展中的重要工作与应用情况,深入介绍了联动萃取工艺计算及流程优化等方面的最新进展及应用前景。In 1970 s,Prof. Guang-Xian Xu（K. H. Hsu） established the theory of countercurrent extraction（TCE）,and further developed the technique of the static design and dynamic simulation assisted by computer,which achieved one-step scale-up of the designed process parameters applied directly to industrial productions.Since its establishment,the TCE has been a key engine in the continuous development of extraction separation tech-nology of rare earths in China in the past 40 years. Meanwhile,the technological advances in turn serve the development of TCE. The theory was applied extensively to the inconstant mixed extraction ratio system from those with constant mixed extraction ratio system. Flowsheet has extended from 2-outlets system to 3-and multi-outlets system,and now to the Hyperlinked extraction system-a basically multi-inlet and multi-outlet system. The equations of theoretical limitations of chemical consumptions expanded to multi-component systems from two-component systems.The present article briefly reviewed the important events of theoretical development and relative applications,and the latest progresses in recent years and relative industrial potentials on the design theory of Hyperlinked extraction system were presented in detail.

关 键 词：稀土分离 串级萃取 联动萃取 极值公式 

分 类 号：O614.33[理学—无机化学]