四种赤眼蜂的飞行能力和稻螟赤眼蜂的田间扩散能力评价  

Assessment of the Flight Ability of Four Trichogramma Species and the Dispersal of T. japonicum in Rice Field

作　　者：田俊策[1] 王子辰[1] 王国荣[2] 郑许松[1] 臧连生[3] 吕仲贤[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省植物有害生物防控省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地/浙江省农业科学院植物保护与微生物研究所,杭州310021 [2]杭州市萧山区农业局,杭州211203 [3]吉林农业大学生物防治研究所,长春130118

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2017年第1期26-31,共6页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：国家"973"计划(2013CB127600);国家水稻产业技术体系(CARS-01-17);浙江省重点研发计划(2015C02014);浙江省植物有害生物防控省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地自主设计项目(2010DS700124-ZZ1601)

摘　　要：飞行和扩散能力是赤眼蜂能否成功在田间应用的关键指标。本文采用室内飞行测试装置和田间赤眼蜂回收的方法,考察了以米蛾卵繁殖的4种赤眼蜂在室内不同温度下的飞行能力和稻螟赤眼蜂在水稻田间的有效扩散距离。结果表明,4种赤眼蜂的起飞比例均随着温度的升高而升高,但温度达到34℃时,飞行能力明显被抑制;稻螟赤眼蜂的起飞比例要显著高于螟黄赤眼蜂、松毛虫赤眼蜂和玉米螟赤眼蜂。田间的扩散试验显示,稻螟赤眼蜂当日即可扩散至16 m,但有效扩散距离为8 m。稻螟赤眼蜂具有良好的飞行能力,是稻田释放赤眼蜂的首选,其有效扩散距离在日温19~27℃、微风的条件下为8 m,但在其他气候条件下的扩散距离还待进一步研究。Flight and dispersal abilities are the key indicators in applying Trichogramma for control of crop Lepidopteran pests. In the present study, the flight abilities of four Trichogramma species at different temperatures as well as the effective dispersal distance of 7＂. japonicum in rice field were measured. The results showed that the proportion of flying wasps increased with increase in temperature, but the flight ability was impaired when the temperature reached 34 ℃. The proportion of flying T. japonicum was significantly higher than those of the other three tested Trichogramma species. Dispersal experiments in paddy fields showed that T.japonicum could spread to 16 m at the first day, but the effective dispersal distance was 8 m. T. japonicum had higher flight ability, indicating that it may be the best species for biological control Lepidopteran pests in rice field. The effective dispersal distance was measured at 19 to 27 ℃ and with breeze, but should be further studied under other climatic conditions.

关 键 词：生物防治 稻螟赤眼蜂 螟黄赤眼蜂 松毛虫赤眼蜂 飞行能力 扩散 

分 类 号：S476.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]