硬段结构对IPDI型聚氨酯弹性体结构与性能的影响  

Effect of Hard Segment on the Structure and Properties of IPDI-Type Polyurethane Elastomer

作　　者：张成彬[1] 向平 王鹏[1] 刘波[1] 张均[1] 李夏[1] 姜志国[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100029 [2]中国船舶工业系统工程研究院,北京100094

出　　处：《塑料》2017年第1期39-42,共4页Plastics

摘　　要：采用预聚体法合成了以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚醚多元醇等为主要原料,1,4-丁二醇(BDO)、三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)、1,2-丙二醇(PDO)、三异丙醇胺(TIPA)为扩链交联剂的聚氨酯弹性体PUE,讨论了扩链交联剂对弹性体拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、硬度、损耗因子、微相分离、吸水率等性能的影响规律。结果表明:随R值增加,PUE硬度增加,交联密度越大,分子规整性越高,硬度越大;相同R值下,不同硬段结构的PUE储能模量E’和tanδ变化趋势一致,Tg(SS)几乎不变,但tanδmax变化较大;相同R值下,交联密度越大,硬段链段规整性越高,内聚能越大,拉伸强度越大,吸水率越低,断裂伸长率越小,微相分离程度越大。A series of polyurethane elastomers were synthesized with isophorone diisocyanate （IPDI） , polyether polyols as the main raw material and 1 , 4-butanediol （ BDO ） , trimethylolpropane （ TMP ） , 1 , 2-propanediol （ PDO ） , triisopropoxide alcohol amine （TIPA） as the chain crosslinking agent by two-step process. The effects of the cross-linking agent on tensile strength, elongation at break, hardness, microphase separation, loss factor and water absorption properties of polyurethane elastomer were studied especially. The results showed that the hardness of PUE increases with the increase of R value, and the greater the crosslinking density, the higher the molecular regularity, the greater the hardness; the storage modulus and tan δ of the different hard segment structure of PUE trend was consistent, Ts （SS） was almost constant, but the tan δmax changed greatly under the same R value; the greater the crosslinking density, the higher the degree of hard segment regularity; the higher cohesive energy, the greater the tensile strength, the lower water absorption, the smaller elongation at break, the greater the degree of microphase separation under the same R value.

关 键 词：异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯 聚氨酯弹性体 扩链交联剂 微相分离 阻尼性能 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]